BSun Liping, 6 , lives in a small village in Yunnan. Her biggest wish ,初中三年级,英语试题,科教类阅读考点,健康环保类阅读考点,好技网

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Sun Liping, 6 , lives in a small village in Yunnan. Her biggest wish is to have running water in her home. All 35 families in Sun’s village have a serious problem--- they don’t have enough water. Every day, the villagers have to walk 20 minutes to get water.
Last year, the worst drought since the 1950s hit Yunnan, making more than 2 million people short of drinking water. This year, the drought is even worse.
Not only Yunnan, but many other provinces in China are short of water as well, such as Gansu and Qinghai.
According to a report on February 17, each Chinese person has about 28% of the world’s average（平均的） person’s amount of available(可用的) water. Two thirds of China’s cities are short of water and nearly 300 million people in rural areas don’t have safe water for drinking.
Every drop of water is important. Waste a drop of water a day and you lose a bucket(桶) a year. How can we use water in a smart way? Here are some tips for you to save water in your daily life:
1. Put plastic bottles of water in your toilet to cut down the water waste when you flush (冲洗) your toilet.
2. Don’t keep the water running while you’re brushing your teeth or washing your face and hands.
3. Use low-flow(低流量) shower heads .
4. Use a bucket to collect shower water while you wait for it to warm up.
5. Make your shower time shorter.
6. Set up a rain bucket to collect rainwater for watering plants or flowers.
小题1: What is the problem in Sun’s village?
A．They don’t have enough food.
B．They don’t have enough water.
C．They have to walk far away to go to school.
D．There are fewer and fewer villagers.
小题2: What does the underlined word drought mean in the second paragraph?
A．饥饿 B．干旱 C．水灾 D．贫穷
小题3: According to the report, __________________________________.
A. China has just 28 percent of the world’s available water.
Each Chinese person can use more water than the world’s average person.
There is not enough water in two thirds of China’s cities.
D. There are about 300 million people in China’s cities who don’t have enough water.
小题4:Which of the following would lead to a waste of water?
A．Using low-flow shower heads.
B．Collecting shower water while waiting for it to warm up.
C．Taking a quick shower.
D．Keeping the water running while brushing one’s teeth.

本题信息：英语阅读理解难度一般来源:未知
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科教类阅读
健康环保类阅读

科普类的阅读：
科普类的阅读理解包含介绍科学知识、社会知识的短文。阅读这类短文时，要以事实为中心进行思考，抓住事物的特征、用途、相互关系等。
如果是介绍社会现象的文章，要掌握所谈现象的内涵。
答题技巧：
1. 加强整体意识，把握文章的主要内容。在阅读的时候可给段落标上序号，并给重要的句子和
关键词做上记号，尤其是各段中心句，为答题提供更快捷更多的信息源。
2. 审清题干，发觉和把握试题中有效的提示性信息，确认命题的角度、阅读范围和答题方式。
3. 定位阅读，强化对应意识。同时要注意原文利用和自我加工相结合。

健康环保类阅读：
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧：
应试生态环保类题目时，在理解文章的基础上，要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能，因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意：
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点：
①有一个话题(topic)；
②有阐述控制性概念，偶尔也可在一段中间；
③有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误：
①忽视文章的结构；
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别；
③忽视文章表意的倾向性；
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断：
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意，并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题，关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上，运用自己的数学知识，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料，不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实，然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中，因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞。

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