本试题 “It's wellknown that the world economic situation will get worse________.[ ]A. not if dealt carefully withB. if not carefully dealt withC. if dealt ...” 主要考查您对状语从句
省略句
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
状语从句的概念：
状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导，也可以由词组引起。从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开，位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。
比较while/as/when：
1、as/when引导短暂性动作的动词例句：
如：Just as/Just when/When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
2、当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。
如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
3、从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when或while。
如：As the day went on, the weather got worse.
比较untill/till：
两个连词意义相同,肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”，动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。
正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。
肯定句例句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。
Wait till I call you. 等着我叫你。
注意：在肯定句中可用before代替：Let's get in the wheat before the sunsets.
否定句例句：She didn't arrive until 6o'clock.
I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.
1、Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。
例句：Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened.
2、Untilwhen疑问句中，until要放在句首。
例句：Until when are you staying? 你呆到什么时候？
注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。
1）Not until…在句首，主句用倒装。
例句：Not until the early years of the19th century did man know what heat is.
2）It is not until…that…
状语从句的用种类：
1、时间状语从句：
表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till(until), since, once, as soon as(或the moment), by the time, no sooner…than, hardly(scarcely)… when, everytime等引导。
e.g. When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
2、原因状语从句：
原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as, nowthat（既然）等，for表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。 e.g. He is disappointed because he didn't get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
3、地点状语从句：
引导地点状语从句的连词是where和wherever等。
e.g. Sit wherever you like.
Make a mark where you have a question.
4、目的状语从句：
引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。
e.g. Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.
She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.
He left early in case he should miss the train.
5、结果状语从句：
结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that（从句谓语一般没有情态动词）,so…that, such…that等引导。
e.g. She was ill, so that she didn't attend the meeting.
He was so excited that he could not say a word.
She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.
6、条件状语从句：
条件状语从句分真实性（有可能实现的事情）与非真实性（条件与事实相反或者在说话者看来不大可能实现的事情）条件句。
引导条件状语从句的词（组）主要有if, unless, so(as)long as, on condition that, so(as) far as, if only(=if)。
注意：条件从句中的if不能用whether替换。
e.g. If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
So far as I know（据我所知）, he will be away for three months.
You can go swimming on condition that(=if) you don't go too far away from the river bank.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.
7、让步状语从句：
让步状语从句可由although, though, as, even if(though), however, whatever, whether…or, no matter who(when, what,…)等引导。
注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。
e.g. Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
Child a she is, he knows a lot.
Whatever(=No matter what) you say, I'll never change my mind.
8、方式状语从句：
方式状语从句常由as, as if(though), the way, rather than等引导。
e.g.You must do the exercise as I show you.
He acted as if nothing had happened.
9、比较状语从句：
比较状语从句常用than, so(as)…as, the more…the more等引导。
e.g. I have made a lot more mistakes than you have.
He smokes cigarettes as expensive as he can afford.
The busier he is, the happier he feels.
使用状语从句时要注意的几个问题：
1、在时间和条件（有时也在方式、让步等）从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来。
e.g. We'll go outing if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
I'll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
2、有些时间、地点、条件、方式或让步从句，如果从句的主语与主句主语一致（或虽不一致，是it），从句的谓语又包含动词be，就可省略从句中的“主语+be”部分。
e.g. When(hewas) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and night.
If(you are) asked you may come in.
If(it is) necessary I'll explain to you again.
3、注意区分不同从句：引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别。以where为例，能引导多种从句。
e.g. You are to find it where you left it.（地点状语从句）
Tell me the address where he lives.（定语从句，句中有先行词）
I don't know where he came from.（宾语从句）
Where he has gone is not known yet.（主语从句）
This place is where they once hid.（表语从句）
注意：表示“一…就…”的结构 hardly/scarcely…when/before/no sooner…than和as soon as都可以表示“一…就…”的意思。
例句：I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
As soon as I got home, it began to rain.
注意：如果hardly/scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：
例句：Hardly/Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
省略句的概念：
在英语语言中，为了使语言简洁明了，重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子愿意不变，这种语言现象称之为省略。
简单句中的省略：
1、省略主语：
1）祈使句中的主语通常被省略。
如：(You) Open the door, please. 请开一下门。
2）其它省略主语多限于现成的说法。
如：（I）Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。
（It）Doesn't matter. 没关系。
2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分：
如：（There is）No smoking. 禁止抽烟
（Is there）anything else? 还有其他事吗？
（You come）This way please. 请这边走。
（Will you）Have a smoke? 抽烟吗？
3、省略宾语：
如：—Do you know Mr. Li? 你认识李先生吗？
—I don't know (him.) 我不认识他
4、省略表语：
如：—Are you thirsty? 你30岁了吗？
—Yes, I am (thirsty). 是的，我是。
5、同时省略几个成分：
如：—Are you feeling better now? 你觉得好些了吗？
—(I am feeling) Much better (now) 好多了。
(I wish)Good luck(to you). 祝你好运/祝你顺利。
省略句在复合句中的应用：
一、并列复合句中的省略：
并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。
如：The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy) handed it to a policeman.
这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。
Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry. 你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。
Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary(must have been) doing her homework.
汤姆肯定一直在打篮球，玛丽一直在写作业。
Gao Xiumin was born in 1959 and Fu Biao(was born) in 1963. 高秀敏出生于1959年，傅彪出生于1963年。
二、主从复合句中的省略：
1、状语从句中的省略：一般说来省略现象多出现在下列五种状语从句中：
1）由when,while,as,before,after,till,until,once等引导的时间状语从句；
2）由whether,if,unless等引导的条件状语从句；
3）由though,although,evenif,whatever等引导的让步状语从句；
4）由as,than等引导的比较状语从句；
5）由as,asif,asthough等引导的方式状语从句。
上述状语从句在省略时应遵循下面原则：
当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be，这时从句中可出现如下结构：
连词（as,as if, once）+名词；
连词（though, whether, when）+形容词；
连词(whether, as if, while)+介词短语；
连词(when, while, though)+现在分词；
连词(when, if, even if, unless, once, until, than, as)+过去分词；
连词(as if,as though)+不定式。
如：Once(he was) a worker, Pang Long now becomes a famous singer.
庞龙曾经是个工人，现在变成一位著名的歌手。
Work hard when(you are) young, or you'll regret. 趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。
He looked everywhere as if(he was) in search of something. 他到处看似乎在找什么东西。
注意：
①当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，间或也有这样的省略。
如：Her father told her to be careful when(she was) crossing the street. 当她过马路时父亲告诉她要当心。
②当从句的主语是it，谓语动词中又含有系动词be时，可以把it和系动词be一起省略。此时构成连词（if, unless, when, whenever）+形容词的结构。
如：Unless(it is) necessary, you'd better not refer to the dictionary. 如果没有必要，你最好不要查字典。
2、定语从句中的省略：
1）一般说来，在限制性定语从句中，作宾语的关系代词that,which,whom可以省略；
如：Is this reason(that) he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?
这就是他在会上解释他工作中粗心的原因吗？
而在非限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词which, whom不可以省略。
比较：Tom(whom) you saw yesterday fell ill.(whom可以省) 你昨天见到的汤姆病倒了。
Tom, whom you saw yesterday, fell ill. (whom不可以省) 汤姆病倒了，你昨天见到他了。
2）在口语和非正式用语中，关系副词when, where,和why经常用that来代替，甚至还可省略。
如：This is the first time(when/that) he had trouble with the boss.
这是他第一次麻烦老板。
He wants to find a good place(where/that) we can have a picnic during the"golden week"holiday.
他想找一个能在黄金周期间野餐的好地方。
Could you tell us the reason(why/that) he was so unhappy?
你能告诉我们他为什么如此不高兴吗？
3）当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which，或将它们全部省略。
如：I don't like the way(that/in which) you laugh at her.
我不喜欢你嘲笑他的行为。
3、宾语从句中的省略：
1）在及物动词后面所接的宾语从句中，连词that一般可以省略；但如果及物动词后面是由that引导的两个或两个以上的并列的宾语从句，那么只有第一个that可以省略。
如：I think(that) the reform of the renminbi's exchangerate is necessary. 我认为人民币兑换率的改革是必要的。
He said(that) the Anti-secession law had been passed and that President Hu Jintao had signed a presidential order.
他说《反分裂国家法》已被通过，而且胡锦涛主席已签署了主席令。
2）由which, when, where, how, 和why引导的宾语从句，可以全部或部分省略。
如：I know that NBA star YaoMing will come to our city but I don't know when (he will come to our city).
我知道NBA明星要到我们城市来但我不知道他什么时候来。
He wants to move abroad but his parents wonders why(he wants to move abroad)
他想搬迁到国外但他的父母想知道为什么。
4、在与suggest, request, order, advise等词相关的名词性从句中，须用虚拟语气形式“should+动词原形”，should可以省略：
如：Chirac, President of the Republic of France suggested that the China-France Culture Year(should) last long in various forms.
法国总统希拉克建议中法文化年以各种各样的形式长期持续。
5、主句省略多用于句首：
如：(It is a) Pity that I didn't go to Mary's birthday party yesterday.
很遗憾，我昨天没有去参加玛丽的生日聚会。
6、在答语中，主句可全部省略。
如：—Why were you absent from school last Friday?
—(I was absent from school) Because my mother was ill.
—上周五你为什么没有上学？
—因为我妈妈病了。
动词不定式省略：
1、保留to的场合：
（1）不定式作某些动词的宾语时，这些动词常见的有：
love, like, care, wish, hope, expect, prefer, refuse, mean, try, oblige, advise, persuade, agree, want, afford, forget, remember, try, manage等。
如：—You should have thanked her before you left.
—I meant to, but when I was leaving I couldn't find her anywhere.
—你本该在离开前谢谢她。
—我本打算这么做，但当我就要离开的时候我却找不到她了。
You can do it this way if you like to. 如果你想做，你可以这么做。
（2）不定式作某些动词的宾语补足语或主语补足语时，这些动词常见的有：
ask, tell, advise, force, persuade, wish, allow, permit, forbid, expect, order, warn 等。
如：The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. 男孩想在街上骑他的自行车，但他母亲不让。
She wants to come but her parents won't allow her to(come). 她想来，可是她父母不让。
（3）不定式在句中作某些形容词的状语时，常见的形容词有：
happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready 等。
如：—I will be away on a business trip. Could you mind looking after my cat?
—Not at all. I would be happy to (look after your cat).
—我要出差，你能帮我照顾一下我的猫吗？
—没关系，我很愿意。
（4）不定式作某些复合谓语时，常见结构如：be able to, be going to, have to, ought to, used to 等。
如：He doesn't like fish but he used to. 他现在不喜欢吃鱼，但过去喜欢。
2、省略to的场合：
（1）主语部分有to do，系动词is或was时，作表语的不定式通常省去to。
如：The only thing you have to do is press the button. 你必须做的惟一事情是按按钮。
（2）作介词but, expect, besides的宾语，前面又有实意动词do时，不定式通常省去to。
如：He said that Chen Shuibian had nothing to do except push a pro-"independence"timetable.
他说陈水扁除了推进支持“独立”的时间表外，什么也没有做。
（3）主语部分暗含todo，表语中的不定式通常省去to。
如：All I want(to do) is go to school and study hard. 我想要（做）的就是上学，努力学习。
（4）当两个或多个不定式并列时，其后的不定式符号可以省略，但有对比关系时不可省略。
如：It is easier to say than to do. 说起来容易，做起来难。
（5）在would rather...than...等结构中，不定式符号常常要省略。
如：I would rather stay at home than go to see a film. 我宁愿呆在家也不愿去看电影。
（6）在see, watch, notice, hear, listen to, look at, feel, have, make, let, observe等词后作宾语补足语时省略不定式符号to；why(not)do结构中，不定式不带to。
如：I saw her enter the room. 我看见她进入了房间。
Why not join us? 为什么不加入到我们的行列里来呢？
与“It's wellknown that the world economic situation will get...”考查相似的试题有：