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Are you preparing for a big test? If so, you may want to play some basketball in between hitting
the books. Doctors are starting to find more and more information that suggests a connection between
exercise and brain development. Judy Cameron, a scientist at Oregon Health and Oregon Health and
Science University, studies brain development. According to her research, it seems that exercise can
make blood vessels(管), including those in the brain, stronger and more fully developed. Dr. Cameron
claims this allows people who exercise to concentrate better. As she says, "While we already know
that exercise is good for the heart, exercise can really cause physical changes in the brain."
The effects of exercise on brain development can even be seen in babies. Babies who do activities
that require a lot of movement and physical activity show greater brain development than babies who
are less physically active. With babies, even a little movement can show big results. Margaret Barnes,
a pediatrician(儿科医生), believes in the importance of exercise. She thinks that many learning disabilities
that children have in elementary school or high school can be traced back to a lack of movement as
babies. "Babies need movement that stimulates their five senses. They need to establish a connection
between motion and memory. In this way, as they get older, children will begin to associate physical
activity with higher learning," says Margaret.
Older people can beef up their brains as well. Scientists from 11 universities studied a group of
seniors ranging in age from seventy to seventy-nine. Their study showed a short-term memory increase
of up to 40 percent after exercising just three hours a week. The exercise does not have to be very
difficult, but it does have to increase the heart rate. Also, just like the motion for infants (婴儿), exercise
for older people should involve some complexity. Learning some new skills or motions, such as with
yogaortai-chi, helps to open up memory paths in the brain that may not have been used for a long
time.
For most people, any type of physical activity that increases the heart rate is helpful. The main goal
is to increase the brain's flow of blood. And your brain can benefit from as little as three hours of exercise
a week.
1. What is the best title of this passage?
A. How to exercise
B. How exercise helps the brain
C. How to get good scores on a test
D. How the brain can change
2. According to the reading, what is the connection between exercise and brain development?
A. Exercise makes us stupid.
B. The brain needs special mental exercise.
C. The more exercise, the bigger the brain.
D. Physical exercise helps us think better.
3. Why does the author think that yoga is fit for seniors?
A. It is easy to learn.
B. It can be done in groups.
C. It does not increase the heart rate.
D. It includes learning new motions.

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