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A. what is dementia?   B. A new opinion on the cause of disability C. A study on disability problems of children   D. What should the World Health Organization do to solve the problem? E. A study on disability problems of the elderly F. More attention should be paid to old people's brain and mind diseases.

1._____
The World Health Organization(WHO)says that blindness and other visual problems are the
leading causes of disability of older people in lowand middleincome countries.However, some
researchers disagree with WHO on this point.They made a study and found that the leading cause
is dementia (痴呆).
2. ____
Dementia is a loss of intellectual ability that affects memorizing, learning and thinking abilites and
other language skills.People with dementia may forget family members or not know what day it is.
Sometimes they become angry or sad, and they can often hear voices, or see things that are actually
not there.
3. _____
Renata Sousa from the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London and other researchers
made a new study.The study dealt with the causes of disability among fifteen thousand people aged
over sixtyfive in seven countries, which include China, India, Cuba, the Dominican Republic,
Venezuela, Mexico and Peru.The team found that dementia was the leading cause of disability of the
elderly in areas except rural India andVenezuela.Other major causes were stroke, arthritis (关节炎),
depression, visual problems and gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) problems.
4. _____
In lowand middleincome countries, heart diseases and cancer get more attention than chronic (慢
性的) diseases.However, researchers say that great importance should be given to chronic diseases
of the brain and mind.As the population ages, the society will have to deal with more and more cases
of dementia.The study shows that the elderly is nine percent of the total population in lowand
middleincome countries today.However, the number is growing quickly.It is likely to reach twenty
percent of the total population by the middle of the century.
5. _____
An article published in the Lancet medical journal dealt with a special issue on disability.It was a
study on disability and children in eighteen lowand middleincome countries.It indicated that in almost
half of the countries, children who were breastfed were less likely to have a disability than those who
were not.The same was true of those who had a deficiency of vitamin A and those who were
underweight.Children who did not take part in early learning activities or attend school were also more
likely to be disabled than those who did.

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