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高中三年级英语

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  • 阅读理解
    阅读理解。
    Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little concern, it is in fact a significantenvironmental problem .The shortened hibernation period could actually lead to significant declines in the populations of several species.
    Some of the first concrete evidence of the phenomenon came from Colorado, where researchers at the
    Rocky Mountain Biological lab have been observing marmot(旱獭)hibernation behavior since the 1970s.
    In the early days of their studies, marmots generally hibernated several weeks into the month of May.
    Nowadays, however, temperatures in the area have risen by 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit, and the marmots
    are waking up about a month earlier.
    At least the marmots are still hibernating. Several other animals have not been hibernating at all recently. Brown bears in the Spanish Cantabrian Mountains did not hibernate last year. In parts of the United States, chipmunks (花鼠)also skipped the hibernation period. The bears seem to have survived without losing
    many individuals. The chipmunks, however, were not so lucky. Many of the animals died of starvation
    during the winter.
    The problem with animals waking up early, or skipping hibernation altogether, lies with the creatures'
    metabolism (新陈代谢). When an animal hibernates, their metabolism drops significantly. The animals'
    heart rate slows, and they require very little energy to live. When the animals awake from their winter
    slumber, their metabolism returns to normal.
    But while their metabolism may be as active as it was before hibernation, food sources aren't as
    available as they were before. A marmot may wake up when temperatures get warmer, thinking it's spring, but plants will not have gotten the amount of sun they need to signal their spring period of growth. So until
    the plants grow, the marmots have no reliable food source.
    Many scientists believe the problem will continue to get worse. In addition to changes in hibernation
    patterns, some believe that other animals will also begin to change their migration patterns or begin to give birth earlier. For many biologists, that's a scary prospect. Terry Root, an animal expert at Stanford
    University, said: "I do think what we will be facing is the extinction of many species."
    1. What is the viewpoint of the writer?
    A. Global warming will continue to get worse as time goes on.
    B. Global warming will lead to shortened hibernation of some animals.
    C. Shortened hibernation will result in declines in the population of animals.
    D. Some animals will skip hibernation altogether.
    2. The writer sets the example of the marmot so as to __________.
    A. indicate that the weather gets warmer and warmer now
    B. explain that global warming influences animals' hibernation
    C. show that the weather in the United States is quite different
    D. say some animals do not hibernate now due to warm weather
    3. The underlined word "slumber" in the fourth paragraph means " _________".
    A. weather
    B. activity
    C. nest
    D. sleep
    4. Why can't marmots find enough food when they wake up?
    A. Because there are too many marmots in the wild now.
    B. Because plants haven't received enough sunlight for spring growth.
    C. Because winter days end much earlier than before.
    D. Because more and more animal species skip hibernation now.
    5. Terry Root holds a(n) __________ attitude towards the future of animals.
    A. optimistic
    B. doubtful
    C. pessimistic
    D. sensitive
    本题信息:2012年江西省模拟题英语阅读理解难度极难 来源:刘婷婷
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本试题 “阅读理解。Now scientists believe that global warming affects hibernating animals, causing them to wake up earlier. While this may seem a little con...” 主要考查您对

科教类阅读

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 科教类阅读

科教类阅读的概念:

科教类阅读主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材,密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化,有关数据的来源真实可信。


科教类文章阅读技巧:

一、材料特点:

这类文章的总体特点是:科技词汇多,句子结构复杂,理论性强,逻辑严谨。具体说来它有以下几个特点: 
1、文章中词汇的意义比较单一、稳定、简明,不带感情色彩,具有单一性和准确性的特点。这类文章通常不会出现文学英语中采用的排比、比喻、夸张等修辞手法,一词多义的现象也不多见。 
2、句子结构较复杂,语法分析较困难。为了描述一个客观事物,严密地表达自己的思想,作者经常会使用集多种语法现象于一体的长句。 
3、常使用被动语态,尤其是一些惯用被动句式。

二、命题特点:

科普类阅读的主要命题形式有事实细节题、词义猜测题、推理判断题以及主旨概括题等,其中推理判断题居多。

三、应对策略:

1、要想做好科普英语阅读理解题,同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章,学习科普知识,积累常见的科普词汇,从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。
2、要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Head line),导语(Introduction),背景(Back ground),主体(Main body)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括,但根据历年的高考情况来看,这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题,而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述,这一部分命题往往最多,因此,阅读时,同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括,并与导语相呼应,命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。  
3、在进行推理判断时,同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据,同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。


科普类阅读应试策略:

命题趋势
阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材,密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化,有关数据的来源真实可信。因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题。分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点:
1、文章逻辑性强,条理清楚,语法结构简单,用语通俗。
2、文章内容注重科技领域的新发现。内容新颖,从而使文章显得陌生,内容抽象复杂。
3、命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。
4、以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手,探讨利弊,诠释过程,阐述概念。
应试对策
许多考生在考试时感到困惑的是:为什么一些没有超越中学语法和词汇范围的篇章,读起来却不能正确理解,或者要花费很多时间才能读懂呢?这种现象的产生与阅读方法有很大的关系。例如,有的考生在考试时一见到文章就立刻开始读,结果读了半天,还不知道短文讲的是什么,试题要求了些什么,结果浪费了大量的时间,而阅读效果并不好。那么,怎样读效果才好呢?任何一种阅读方法或技巧的使用,都是由篇章特点和试题本身的要求决定的,应根据不同的体裁和试题要求采取不同的策略。
1、浏览。浏览的主要目的就是确定文章的体裁。如果文章属于人物传记、记叙文、故事、科普小品和有关社会文化、文史知识的文章,一般来说,应该先看看文章的试题考查内容,对题目类型做到心中有数,针对不同问题,在通读时有粗有细地去阅读,这样不仅能把握篇章的基本结构和逻辑线索,也能做好有关具体事实信息考查的试题。
2、挖掘寓意,掌握中心思想,推出结论。任何文章,作者在行文时都有一定的写作目的和主要话题。在通读篇章时应该吃透作者的写作意图,抓住文章的主题句,充分发挥自己的想象力和概括力,作出对中心思想的归纳和结论的推断。
3、把握篇章结构,利用上下文进行推测。高考中的阅读理解篇章往往是一个较完整的短文,其结构、思想,前后上下连贯统一。考试时应充分利用这一特点推测一些生词、短语在句中的含义,切莫盲目孤立猜测。
4、综观全篇,前后呼应。这是阅读理解的最后一步,在做完阅读理解题后,要立足于文章整体,再迅速读一遍短文,短文中的问题和答案的设置前后都是相关联的,有着一定的连续性,体现着文章的基本脉络。