It _______ this morning that two of the body guards of the prime minis,高中二年级,英语试题,副词考点,一般现在时的被动语态考点,好技网

单选题
It _______ this morning that two of the body guards of the prime minister got killed and the minister
himself got ______ hurt in the violent car bomb explosion.
[ ]

A. officially announced; slightly
B. was officially announced; lightly
C. was official announced; seriously
D. was officially announced; slightly

本题信息：2012年同步题英语单选题难度一般来源:刘婷婷
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副词

一般现在时的被动语态
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副词
一般现在时的被动语态

副词的概念：

副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语、非谓语动词乃至整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

副词的位置：

1）在动词之前。
2）在be动词、助动词之后。
3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。
如：We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。
如：He speaks English well.

副词的排列顺序：

1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
如：Please write slowly and carefully.
3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
改错：（错）I very like English.
            （对）I like English very much.
注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
如：I don't know him well enough.
        There is enough food for everyone to eat.
        There is food enough for everyone to eat.

兼有两种形式的副词：

1）close与closely：
     close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”。
      如： He is sitting close to me.
               Watch him closely.
2）late与lately：
      late意思是"晚"；lately意思是“最近” 。
      如：You have come too late.
              What have you been doing lately?
3）deep与deeply：
      deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地” 。
      如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
              Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4）high与highly：
     high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。
      如：The plane was flying high.
              I think highly of your opinion.
5）wide与widely：
     wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”。
      如：He opened the door wide.
              English is widely used in the world.
6）free与freely：
     free的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”。
      如：You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
              You may speak freely, say what you like.

副词知识体系：

一般现在时的被动语态的概念：

表示的是一般现在时态和被动语态的叠合。构成：（am/is/are +done）
如：This shirt is washed once a week. 这件T恤一周洗一次。

主动语态变被动语态的方法：

1、把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。　　
2、把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词)，根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式。　　
3、把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。
例如：All the people laughed at him.=He was laughed at by all people. 　　
            They make the bikes in the factory.=The bikes are made by them in the factory. 　　
记忆歌诀：
宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。
谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。　　

含有情态动词的被动语态：

含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。　　
记忆歌诀：
情态动词变动，情态加be加“过分”，原来带to要保留。
例如：We can repair this watch in two days.=This watch can be repaired in two days. 　　
            You ought to take it away.=It ought to be taken away. 　　
            They should do it at once.=It should be done at once.

被动语态的用法：
　　
1、不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) 　　
            This book was published in1981.这本书出版于1981年。　　
2、强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。
例如：This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。　　
            Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。　　
记忆歌诀：
谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。

一般现在时的被动语态：

一、被动语态的结构：
主语(动作接受者)+is/am/are+动词的过去分词+(by+动作执行者)
如：Football is played in most countries in the world.
被动语态的句型总结如下：
1、肯定句：主语+be+过去分词+(by~~).
如：The boy is called Jack.
2、否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+(by~~).
如：The baby is not looked after by his father.
3、一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by~~)?
如：Is KingLear written by Shakespeare?
4、特殊疑问句：特殊疑词+be+过去分词+(by~~)?
如：What is this kind of sweater made of?

二、被动语态的用法：
1、要表达“被…”、“受…”、“让…”、“遭…”之类的语义。
如：The teachers are well respected.
The child is well loved by people.
2、强调动作承受者。
如：He is known far and wide. 他远近闻名。
3、不知道式没有必要指出动作的执行者。
如： The room is cleaned every day. 房子每天都有人打扫。
4、为礼貌起见避免提及动作执行者。
如：I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself? 我是否可以做自我介绍?

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