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高中二年级英语

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  • 单选题
    It ____ for three hours and the ground is too wet toplay on, so the sports meet  _____.
    [     ]

    A. was raining;has been put off
    B. has been raining;has been put off
    C. has rained; put off
    D. has been raining;has put off
    本题信息:2012年同步题英语单选题难度一般 来源:刘婷婷
  • 本题答案
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本试题 “It ____ for three hours and the ground is too wet toplay on, so the sports meet _____.[ ]A. was raining;has been put offB. has been raining;has bee...” 主要考查您对

现在完成进行时

现在完成时的被动语态

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 现在完成进行时
  • 现在完成时的被动语态

现在完成进行时的概念:

现在完成进行时表示某动作从过去某个时间开始,一直延续到现在,并且还有可能持续下去。
如:We have been waiting for him for two hours. 我们等他等了两个小时。


现在完成进行时的结构:

现在完成进行时由“have/hasbeen+现在分词”构成。

现在完成进行的基本用法:

(1)表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作,这动作可能仍在进行,也可能已停止。
如:It has been raining since last Sunday. 自上周星期日以来就一直在下雨。   
        He's been watching television all day. 他看了一天电视了。   
(2)现在完成进行时有时表示根据直接或间接的证据得出的结论。
如:She is very tired. She's been typing letters all day. 她很累了,她整天都在打信件。       
        Her eyes are red. She has been crying. 她眼睛红了。她一直在哭。


现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别:  

1、现在完成时可以表示一个已经完成的动作,而现在完成进行时则表示一个正在进行的动作。
如:I have read the book. 我读过这本书。  
        I have been reading the book.我一直在读这本书。  
【注】有少数动词(如work, study, live, teach, stay等)在表示持续一时间时用这两种时态含义差不多(只是用现在完成进行进更强调动作的持续性)。
如:How long have you worked [been working] here? 你在这儿工作多久了?  
        I've lived [been living] here since1988. 自1988年以来我就一直住在这儿。  
2、现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。
如:I have waited for two hours. 我等了两小时。(陈述事实)   
        I have been waiting for two hours. 我等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦)   
3、现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况,若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况,则通常用现在完成时。
如:He has lived in Paris. 他(一直)住在巴黎。  
        He has been living in Paris. 他(目前)住在巴黎。(表暂时性)   
4、不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时,但它们可以用于现在完成时。
如:I've only known her for two day. 我认识她刚刚两天。  
        They've been married for twenty years. 他们结婚已二十年了。  
        The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争持续了很长时间。  
5、现在完成进行时不用于被动语态,若要用可用现在完成时的被动语态代替。
如:The house has been painted for a month. 这房子已漆了一个月。  
        The problem has been studied for five days. 这个问题已研究了五天。


现在完成时的被动语态概念:

现在完成时被动语态的结构就是现在完成时态和被动语态结构的叠合,即“have+been+动词过去分词”。


现在完成时态的被动语态的构成:

1、现在完成时的被动语态的肯定式为:have/has+been+done。
如:The new schools have been set up. 新学校都已经建成了。
        The experiment has been done successfully. 这个实验做得很成功。
2、现在完成时的被动语态的否定式为:have/has+not+been+done。
如:The books have not been borrowed by the teacher. 那些书还没有被老师借走了。
        Tom's novel has not been published. 汤姆的小说还没有被出版。
3、现在完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将have/has提到主语的前面。
如:—Have the letters been posted? 信已经寄出去了吗?
        —Yes, they have. 是的,已寄出了。
        —Has his bike been repaired? 他的自行车修好了吗?
        —No, it hasn't. 不,还没有被修好。
 4、现在完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为:疑问词+have/has+been+done。
如:How long have the machine been repaired?这些机器已被修好多长时间了?
        Who has been invited? 谁受到了邀请?


现在完成时态的被动语态的用法:

1、现在完成时的被动语态同它的主动语态一样,强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,通常与 already, yet, just, never, recently等副词连用。
如:The room has already been cleaned. 房间已经被清扫干净了。(含现在已不用清扫房间了)  
        The doctor hasn't been sent for yet. 还没有派人去请医生。(含现在应派人去请医生) 
        The office looks nice. It has just been cleaned. 办公室看起来很干净。它刚被打扫过。(含现在已不用清扫房间了) 
        Such a thing has never been heard of before. 这样的事以前从未听说过。(含现在才听说过)
        Recently the price of TV sets has been cut. 近来电视机降价了. (含电视机的价格现在比以前低了)
2、表示一个被动的动作或状态开始于过去,持续到现在,并可能持续下去,常与for或since等引导的时间状语连用,或用与How long…?的句型中。
如:The machine has been repaired for two hours. 这台机器已修了两小时了。
        They have been helped by us for two weeks. 他们得到我们帮助有两周了。 
        How long has the project been carried out? 这项工程已被实施多长时间了?