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You're sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns ( 打哈欠). Suddenly , you're
yawning  with  him , though  you're not tired.
This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to
sympathize with fellow humans.Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were
unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious (有感染力的) yawning,
which showed that humans communicate regularly without words.
Hugo Critchley,a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which will prove that
happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Critchley , our mind and body
are in constant exchange about how we're feeling. " Emotions are closely linked with states of internal
(内部的) responses. " he explained."There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial
expressions. When we're in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there's
the obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious, changes that reflect emotions
of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure. "
Hugo Critchley further explained , " Our bodiessynchroniseand when we like the other person , we
even copy his behavior. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you're sitting-it's pretty likely
that you will be the same. Scientists believe it's our way of telling each other that we're partners. Through
body language, humans give each other very subtLe (微妙的) but clear signals that show emotions. "
So,what lessons can we leam from this? " Spend time with happy people-otherwise your health could
suffer. " said Critchley. " When we're sad,our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we're happy,
our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel
healthy and it affects everyone around us. "
1. According to Hugo Critchley,__________.
A. emotions are as visible as facial expressions
B. we yawn more frequently when we have a cold
C. emotions are connected with states of internal responses
D. the change of blood pressure is not linked with the change ofemotions
2. The underlined word " synchronise"  in Paragraph 4 means"___________"
A. move slowly
B. change rapidly
C. relax temporarily
D. respond accordingly
3. From the passage we can learn_________.
A. sadness is as contagious as happiness
B. anger is less contagious than friendliness
C. surprise is more contagious than smile
D. surprise is the most contagious among emotions
4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage ?
A. Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.
B. Children like copying the actions of fellow humans.
C. Scientists are still confused about contagious yawning.
D. People tend to communicate more with body language.

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