To have a family reunion dinner at a restaurant, you need to reserve t,高中三年级,英语试题,一般现在时考点,反意疑问句考点,好技网

单选题
To have a family reunion dinner at a restaurant, you need to   reserve the restaurant and select
dishes on the menu months    before it,____?
[     ]

A. don't you
B. didn't you
C. mustn't you
D. needn't you

本题信息：2012年同步题英语单选题难度一般来源:刘婷婷
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本试题 “To have a family reunion dinner at a restaurant, you need to reserve the restaurant and selectdishes on the menu months before it,____?[ ]A. don't ...” 主要考查您对
一般现在时

反意疑问句
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一般现在时
反意疑问句

一般现在时的概念：

表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态。

一般现在时的用法：

1）经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。常用的时间状语有every...，sometimes，at...，on Sunday等。
例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七点离开家。
2）客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。
例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球绕太阳转动。　
            Shang hai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部。
3）表示格言或警句。
例如：Pride goes before a fall.　骄者必败。　
注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥伦布证实了地球是圆的。
4）现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。
例如：I don't want so much. 我不要那么多。　
           Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 安英语写得不错，讲的可不行。
比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. 把糖放入杯子。　　　
            I am doing my homework now. 我正在做功课。　　
第一句用一般现在时，用于操作演示或指导说明的示范性动作，表示言行的瞬间动作。
第二句中的now是进行时的标志，表示正在进行的动作的客观状况，所以后句用一般现在时。

一般现在时知识体系：

一般现在时用法拓展：

1、一般现在时表将来：
1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。　　　
       —When does the bus star? 汽车什么时候开
       —It stars in ten minutes. ？十分钟后。
2）以here, there 等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。
例如：Here comes the bus.=The bus is coming. 车来了。　　　
            There goes the bell.=The bell is ringing. 铃响了。
3）在时间或条件句中。
例如：When Bill comes（不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。　　　
            I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。
4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that 等的宾语从句中。
例如：I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。　　　
            Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。
2、一般现在时代替一般将来时：
When, while, before, fter, till, once, as soon as, so long as, by the time, if, in case（that）, unless, even if, whether, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。
例如：He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。
3、一般现在时代替一般过去时：
1）"书上说"，"报纸上说"等。
例如：The news paper says that it's going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。　
2）叙述往事，使其生动。
例如：Napoleon's army now advances and the great battle begins. 拿破仑的军队正在向前挺进，大战开始了
4、一般现在时代替现在完成时：
1）有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如hear, tell, learn, write, understand, forget, know, find, say, remember等。
例如：I hear（=haveheard）he will go to London. 我听说了他将去伦敦。　
            I forget（=have forgotten）how old he is. 我忘了他多大了。
2）用句型"It is…since…"代替"It has been…since…"。
例如：It is（=has been）five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。
5、一般现在时代替现在进行时：
在Here comes…/There goes…等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。
例如：There goes the bell.铃响了。

时态一致：
　
1、如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。
例如：At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. 那时，人们不知道地球是动的。　
            He told me last week that he is eighteen.上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。　
2、宾语从句中的，助动词ought, need, must, dare的时态是不变的。
例如：He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。

反意疑问句的概念：

表示提问人的看法，没有把握，需要对方证实。
反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
1、陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式，可记为前肯后否。
2、陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式，可记为前否后肯。
例如：This pencil is red, isn't it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
This pencil isn't red, is it? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.

反意疑问句类型：

1）陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用aren't I.
如：I'm as tall as your sister, aren't I?
2）陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may+主语。
如：I wish to have a word with you, may I?
3）陈述部分用no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。
如：The Swede made no answer, did he/she?
        Some plants never blown(开花), do they?
4）含有oughtto的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't/oughtn't+主语。
如：He ought to know what to do,oughtn't he?/shouldn't he?
5）陈述部分有have to+v.(had to+v.)，疑问部分常用don't+主语（didn't+主语）。
如：We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?
6）陈述部分的谓语是usedto时，疑问部分用didn't+主语或usedn't+主语。
如：He used to take pictures there, didn't he?/usedn't he?
7）陈述部分有had better+v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?
如：You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?
8）陈述部分有would rather+v.，疑问部分多用wouldn't+主语。
如：He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?
9）陈述部分有You'd like to+v.疑问部分用wouldn't+主语。
如：You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?
10）陈述部分有must的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。
如：He must be a doctor, isn't he?
        You must have studied English for three years, haven't you?/didn't you?
        He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

反意疑问句用法总结：

陈述部分的谓语	疑问部分
I'	aren’t I
wish	may + 主语
no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词	肯定含义
ought to（肯定的）	shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+v.(had to+v.)	don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to	didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + v.	hadn't you
would rather + v.	wouldn't +主语
you'd like to + v.	wouldn't +主语
must	根据实际情况而定
感叹句中	be +主语
neither…nor, either…or 连接的并列主语	根据其实际逻辑意义而定
指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this	主语用it
并列复合句	谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的主从复合句	根据主句的谓语而定
think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导	与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one	复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need dare, need 为实义动词	need (dare ) +主语 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 Let's 开头的祈使句	will you？shall we? will you?
there be	相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词	仍用否定形式
must表"推测"	根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

反意疑问句特殊用法点拨：

1、感叹句中，疑问部分用be+主语。
如：What colours, aren't they?
        What a smell, isn't it?
2、陈述部分由neither...nor, either...or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。
如：Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?
3、陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this，疑问部分主语用it。
如：Everything is ready, isn't it?
4、陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：
a.并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。
如：Mr. Smith had been to Bei jing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?
b.带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定。
如：He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?
        He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?
c.上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。
如：I don't think he is bright, is he?
       We believe she can do it better, can't she?
5、陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, noone等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。
如：Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(doeshe?)
        Nobody knows about it, do they?(doeshe?)
6、带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用need(dare)+主语。
如：We need not do it again, need we?
        He dare not say so,dare you?   当dare, need为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do+主语。
如：She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?
7、省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。
如：Don't do that again, will you?
        Go with me, will you/won't you? 注意：Let's开头的祈使句，后用shall we? Let us开头的祈使句，后用will you?
如：Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?
        Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you?
8、陈述部分是"therebe"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。
如：There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?
        There will not be any trouble, will there?
9、否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。
如：It is impossible, isn't it?
        He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?
10、must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。
如：He must be there now, isn't he?
        It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

反意疑问句知识体系：

复合句的反意疑问句：

1、当陈述部分是一个（带that引导宾语从句的）主从复合句时，附加疑问句的主谓要和主句的主谓保持对应关系。但是，当陈述部分的主语是：I suppose, I think, I believe, I imagine, I expect等结构时，附加疑问句的主语和谓语要和从句的主语，谓语保持一致关系。而且要注意到否定的转移问题。
如：I think there is something wrong with the washer, isn't there?
We don't suppose he cares, does he?
2、当陈述部分是I'm sure that；we are sure；I'm afraid that；We are sure that；I feel sure that等后面跟宾语从句时，反意疑问句与后面的宾语从句一致。
3、当陈述部分是并列句时，附加疑问句的主谓语要和离它最近的句子的主谓保持对应关系。
如：We must redouble our efforts, or we'll not be able to catch up with the others, will we?

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