任务型阅读。
Select the best heading from the list for each paragraph1-5. Use each letter ONLY ONCE.
(There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all the headings. List of headings:
A. what do people with an intellectual disability need?
B. What is intellectual disability?
C. How do people with an intellectual disability talk?
D. What are the forms of intellectual disability?
E. What causes intellectual disability?
F. How do you talk to a person with an intellectual disability?
_________ 1. People with intellectual disability form one of the largest single disability groups in a
community. Intellectual disability refers to a general slowness to learn and function within society, and the
identification of intellectual disability is usually based on an assessment of a person's performance in a variety
of tests. An individual's level of performance, as assessed, can change with time and circumstances. With
skilled training and opportunity for development, people with intellectual disability have much greater potential
for acquiring skills and for participation in community life than previously had been thought possible.
_________2. In many western societies, five categories of intellectual disability have traditionally been
used in order to indicate the perceived degree of difficulty an individual has with learning. All five may occur
in either children, adolescent or adult, and show as mild, moderate, severe, profound or multiple intellectual
disabilities.
_________ 3. For the majority of intellectual disabilities, there is no identifiable cause but there are some
causes that are well documented. They include: brain damage at birth due to lack of oxygen-prolonged labor
during childbirth; brain damage before birth due to factors such as rubella, drug or diet-related problems;
damage after birth due to illnesses such as encephalitis or accident; hereditary defects in the genes; abnormal
chromosome count resulting in, for example, Down Syndrome.
________ 4. Like everyone else, people with an intellectual disability need a rewarding job, a satisfying
place to live and a good social life. But they may need extra support to achieve these things. Good support
services are based on the principle of normalization-which means enabling people to be part of the community
like everyone else.
________ 5. With the introduction of the intellectually disabled into communities, there is a need to
promote awareness of communication. Although many people may have little experience in talking with an
intellectually disabled person, there are common guidelines that can simplify the interaction. Firstly, it is useful
to remember that people with disabilities have feelings. Speaking in the same friendly manner as you would to
anyone else is also recommended. Being prepared to wait a little longer for replies during a conversation with an
intellectually disabled person would undoubtedly benefit the exchange.

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