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                             An interview with Benno Nigg, the sports scientist

A. What kind of technology might we see in sports shoes of the future? B. What should people look out for when buying a new pair of sports shoes? C. Will a more expensive shoe make me run faster or jump higher, as the ads suggest? D. Is it true that expensive shoes are no better at preventing injury than cheap ones? E. Some people say we should run just as well without shoes. What's your opinion? F. You helped develop the unstable Masai MBT shoes. Does this design actually work?

1. _____
Nigg's Answer: That is a little bit overstated. But the literature shows that shoes are a minor player in
injury development. If you take a group of people and want to injure them, send them out every day for
a 20-kilometre run. A lot of them will be injured in three weeks. The major factors are the distance run,
the intensity and recovery time, not the shoes.
2. _____
Nigg's Answer: The problem is that if you go to a store and want to find your best shoes, you don't
know what to do. Things that are sometimes done, like video analysis of your rear foot movement, may
not help. The only way to assess whether a shoe is right for you is how it feels. If you feel comfortable in
a shoe, it's likely to be good for you.
3. _____
Nigg's Answer: A shoe may act as a training device, making some muscles to function more effectively
for a majority of users. Or it may use materials that last longer. That may have something to do with its
price. However, for the average runner it is difficult to distinguish between actual functional designs and
unnecessary features. Generally, the more a shoe controls movement, the more it acts like a cast, which
means you lose some muscle strength, and your feet are more likely to be injured.
4. _____
Nigg's Answer: Yes, for about 80 per cent of people. The major benefits are training the small
muscles crossing the ankle joint, and a reduction of knee and lower back pain. However, some claims for
these unstable shoes are overstated, such as the general muscle strengthening that they are claimed to
produce.
5. _____
Nigg's Answer: There are claims that there are fewer injuries when you run barefoot, but there is not
yet enough evidence, or enough research, to prove that. If you look at performance, most papers suggest
an advantage of 3 to 4 per cent. With a few exceptions, people don't run barefoot, so it may be that it's
not an advantage, or it may be that we're just not used to it.

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