本试题 “—Why are the two students standing at the gate of the teachers'office?—They________to each other in class and________.[ ]A. have whispered; are pun...” 主要考查您对一般过去时
现在进行时的被动语态
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
一般过去时的概念：
一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
一般过去时的用法：
1、表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去时间的副词如：yesterday，last week，two hours ago等连用。
如：My family moved here five years ago. 我家五年前搬到了这里。
I was born in 1973. 我生于1973年。
2、表示过去一段时间经常或反复发生的动作。这时可与频度副词如：often，usually，always等连用。
如：He always worked in tonight those days. 那些日子他总是工作到深夜。
I often left on business in 1987. 1987年我经常出差。
注：表示“过去经常，而今不再”时，要用usedto.
如：I used to read newspaper after breakfast. 我过去经常早饭后看报纸。（意指现在已不是这样）
The children often swam in this river. 孩子们过去经常在这条河里游泳。
3、表示过去发生的一连串动作。
如：He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door. 他放下这沉重的箱子，掏出钥匙开了房门。
注：过去发生的一连串动作，若用and，or，but等并列连词连接，则一律用过去式。
如：They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper. 他们把椅子搬到桌边，坐下开始吃饭。
4、在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。
如：He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information. 他说他一得到消息就立即让我知道。
Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained. 玛丽告诉我如果下雨她就呆在家里。
一般过去时的特别用法：
1、句型：It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"。
例如：It is time for you to go to bed.你该睡觉了。
It is time that sb.did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"。
例如：It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了。
2、would（had）rather sb.did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'。
例如：I'd rather you came tomorrow. 还是明天来吧。
3、wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等，而一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去，现已不复存在。
例如：I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些。
比较：Christine was an invalid all her life.（含义：她已不在人间。）
Christine has been an invalid all her life.（含义：她现在还活着）
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含义：达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州。）
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.（含义：现在还住在肯塔基州，有可能指刚离去）
注意：用过去时表示现在，表示委婉语气。
1）动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend等。
例如：Did you want any thing else? 您还要些什么吗？
I wondered if you could help me. 能不能帮我一下。
2）情态动词could, would。
例如：Could you lend me your bike? 你的自行车，能借用一些吗？
现在进行时的被动语态：
现在进行时的被动语态表示现在进行时态和被动语态的叠合，由am/is/are+being+done构成。
现在进行时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：
1、现在进行时态的被动语态的肯定式为：am/is/are+being+done。
如：The question is being discussed at the meeting now. 这个问题现在正在会上被讨论。
Another bridge is being built over the Changjiang River at present. 目前长江上正在建造另一座大桥。
2、现在进行时态的被动语态的否定式为：am/is/are+not+being+done。
如：The baby isn't being taken good care of. 这婴儿没在得到很好的照顾。
The animals are not being set free at present.目前这些动物还不能被放出。
3、现在进行时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将am/is/are提到主语的前面。（回答用yes或no）
如：—Is a new library being put up in their school now？他们学校现在正在建一座新图书馆吗？
—Yes, it is. 是，正在建一座新图书馆
—Are a number of Dongfeng trucks being shipped abroad? 一批东风卡车正被运往国外吗？
—No, they aren't. 不，没有。
4、现在进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+am/is/are+(主语)+being+done。
如：What is being done to the machine? 现在对这台机器要采取什么措施？
How many houses are being built in the village? 村里正在建造多少房屋？
When is the sports meeting being held in our school. 我校将在什么时候举行运动会？
现在进行时态的被动语态的用法：
1、现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，表示现在正在进行的被动动作。
如：He is being interviewed by our headmaster now. 他正在接受我们校长的采访。
This film is being shown now. 这部电影正在被放映。
2、现在进行时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作。
如：The disease is being studied by scientists. 科学家们正在研究这种疾病。
These animals are being hunted at such a speed that they will disappear soon.
以如此速度捕杀动物，他们很快就会消失。
3、现在进行时态的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，这时需要用完成时态的被动语态。
例如：The watch is being repaired twice.
改成：The watch has been reparied twice.
The house over there is being built for two months.
改成：The house over there has been built for two months.
4、少数及物动词的的进行时表示按计划、安排将要承受某个动作。
如：Some rock music is being played by the mnext. 下面将由他们演奏一些摇滚音乐。
A party is being held tonight. 今晚将举办一场晚会。
5、典型错误：
1）遗漏助动词：
【误】The birds being set free at present.
【正】The birds are being set free at present.
2）遗漏介词：
【误】The children are being taken care by their aunt.
【正】The children are being taken care of by their aunt.
3）忽略动词的性质：
【误】The kind of cloth is being washed well.
【正】The kind of cloth washes well.
注：表示某种情况，状态或特点的动词，一般不用于被动语态。
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