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  • 阅读理解
    阅读理解。
    You are probably familiar with the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent research
    carried out by the Chinese University of Hong Kong may change the saying: An apple a day may keep aging
    away.
    The research chose fruit flies (果蝇), as they share many genes (基因) with humans. The fruit flies were
    either fed normally or had an apple extract (浓缩物) added to their diet.
    It turned out that those fruit flies that were given apple extract lived about 55 days - five days longer than
    the flies that were normally fed. The research group also found it easier for the flies to walk, climb and move
    about as they aged.
    According to the result, the researchers believed that the antioxidants (抗氧化剂) in the apple extract
    helped clean up dangerous chemicals (化学物质) that cause illnesses, as well as aging.
    In another study, researchers examined diets of thousands of women. They discovered that those who
    regularly ate apples were 20 percent less likely to suffer heart illnesses and stroke.
    The apples' genetic code (欲望) was discovered recently. It allows scientists to develop nicer and healthier
    fruits. Researchers are already using the information to grow a kind of apples full of antioxidants that can keep
    eyes and joints healthy and protect humans against heart illnesses and cancer.
    Apples that kill the desire (欲望) to eat could also be produced, with the first "extra-healthy" apples on
    supermarket shelves within just four or five years.
    The team that keeps studying apple DNA includes 100 scientists from five countries. Their research also
    suggests that around 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs began to die off, the plant, which would finally
    become today's apple tree, experienced a great genetic change. The number of many of its genes doubled.
    The extra genes allowed the apple to get used to worse conditions and go through a different development
    from peaches, strawberries and other related fruits.
    1. Why were fruit flies used for the research?
    A. Because they have a similar diet to humans.
    B. Because they have a history as long as apples.
    C. Because they share a lot of genes with humans.
    D. Because they feed on nothing but apple extract.
    2. What result did the researchers find out?
    A. Apples produce chemicals that can change human genes.
    B. Apples have antioxidants that kill chemicals that cause aging.
    C. Apples are rich in vitamins that are needed in humans' bodies.
    D. Apples produce chemicals that make apples taste more delicious.
    3. What happened to apples around 65 million years ago according to the research?
    A. Their genes stopped their development as the environment got worse.
    B. Their genes became twice in number but they finally died off like dinosaurs.
    C. They experienced a great genetic change making them used to worse conditions.
    D. They went through a similar development to peaches, strawberries and other related fruits.
    4. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
    A. Eating apples may bring us more advantages than we might believe before.
    B. People who have the habit of eating apples don't need to see a doctor.
    C. Apples that kill the desire to eat are already available in supermarkets now.
    D. People will eat apples instead of peaches and strawberries from now on.
    本题信息:2011年江苏中考真题英语阅读理解难度极难 来源:张琳贺
  • 本题答案
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本试题 “阅读理解。You are probably familiar with the saying: An apple a day keeps the doctor away. A recent researchcarried out by the Chinese University o...” 主要考查您对

健康环保类阅读

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 健康环保类阅读
健康环保类阅读:
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧:
应试生态环保类题目时,在理解文章的基础上,要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能,因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意:
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是:找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点:
①有一个话题(topic);
②有阐述控制性概念,偶尔也可在一段中间;
③有的文章无明显主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排,理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”,考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误:
①忽视文章的结构;
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别;
③忽视文章表意的倾向性;
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断:
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实,在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意,并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料,不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中,因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞。