主要是对单词、词组的一些理解掌握，集中出现的题型有：找出不同类的单词、判断正误、单词词组的英汉互译等。
小学英语单词记忆法：
在小学英语教学中，记忆单词是学生学习的最大障碍，尤其是低年级的学生，刚刚接触英语，死记硬背下来的方法既吃力，又很容易遗忘，掌握英语单词量的多少，直接影响着学习效果。
一、拼音式记忆法
如：数字“十”ten，可以让学生联想成ten的拼音发音。男人们“men”汉语拼音便是men……
二、谐音记忆法
1.单词读音谐音法
可能老师们都已经发现，刚接触英语的小学生会在你教的单词下面写上相应的汉语“谐音”(和汉语相仿的读音)大部分老师会阻止孩子们这样的行为，但我不认为这是错误的，我会根据他们的思路继续引导，在谐音的基础上画图、联想，三者结合，这样对单词的记忆就非常深刻，如：apple单词的汉语谐音是“阿婆”画图“一个阿婆手里拿着一个苹果”联想，看到图画联想到apple的读音，汉意。
2.字母音与汉字音相结合谐音记忆法
如讲述颜色单词红色red时，我会让学生记住一句话，阿姨地里的苹果红了……这一句话，不仅让学生加深了三个字母r，e，d的粗读，还记住了这个单词的顺序，同时又记住了这个单词的汉意“红色”，这样一句话，可谓一石三鸟，在实际的教学中收到了良好的效果……
三、形近串连记忆法
如tea茶叶，eat吃，teacher教师，meat肉，这些单词形近，于是我会让学生说，老师吃茶吃肉，这样一句话，让学生一下子便记住了四个单词。Purple people紫色的人们，
monday moon monkey星期一，月儿升，照猴子……
四、字母谐音及外形和故事结合记忆法
单词eleven “十一”很多同学记忆吃力，即便是当时记住了，可是很短时间又忘了,于是我便用这样一个办法来让学生牢牢记在了脑海里啊，不客气地说……这种方法想让学生想忘记都难呢，我是这样讲的：三个阿姨(e)走娘家，(她的娘家门牌号是11.)想知道三个阿姨带什么礼物给她们的娘吗?学生们此时齐呼，想……，于是，我接着说，她们的礼物可有意思啊，第一个阿姨带去了一把勾子(l这个字母形状像勾)，第二个阿姨呢，竟带去了一把剪刀(v像剪刀)，第三个阿姨特别有意思，把自己的大门扛了去……想必是娘家的大门坏了……要女儿去换哩……学生们听了后哈哈大笑……，我于是说，现在同学们把这个单词默写出来吧……，孩子们不过几秒钟，竟准确无误地连续写了好几遍……
五、循环记忆法
这种方法是一个传统的记忆方法，也是来是们使用的做多的方法，人的大脑有一个特点，对某个信息反复刺激才能记住，例如，三年级的学生我每天规定记忆的词汇量是五个单词，第二天记忆十个其中包括第一天的五个，第三天背十五个其中包括前两天的，照这样累计，这种方法也许对于孩子来说是枯燥无味的，但每个单词却都对大脑刺激无数次，从而记得比较牢。
六、浏览记忆法
所谓浏览就是将你要记忆的单词看一遍，但必须每天坚持看，时间不宜过长，一般控制在一小时以内，经过多次的浏览，单词汇很轻松的在脑海里留下印象。
七、同音记忆法
如 two，to，too(二，到，也) 、 write和right(写，正确 )、 see，sea(看，海)、meet和meat(碰见，肉)……
总之，记忆单词的方法很多，人们可以根据自己的习惯和文化背景进行记忆，每天背诵单词的时间和数量要根据俄自己的具体情况决定，背诵要选择一天中头脑最清晰、精力最充沛的时候进行。此外，记住单词虽然可以采取好的方法进行记忆，但背单词的三大宗旨不能忘：
1、贵在坚持;
2、遵循人的记忆规律，并根据艾滨浩斯遗忘规律，循环复习比一次性记忆有效。
3、背诵的词汇只有真正运用到听、说、读、写各方面才能将英语运用自如
小学单词汇总：
学习用品
pen pencil pencil-case ruler book bag comic book post card newspaper schoolbag eraser crayon sharpener story-book notebook magazine
人体
foot head face hair nose mouth eye ear arm finger leg tail
动物
cat dog pig duck rabbit horse elephant ant kangaroo monkey fish bird panda bear lion tiger sheep goat cow donkey
人物
friend boy girl mother father sister brother uncle man woman Mr Miss lady mom mother dad father parents
grandparents grandpa grandma aunt cousin son classmate principal university student pen pal pal people
职业
teacher student doctor nurse driver farmer singer writer actor actress artist TV reporter engineer
accountant policeman salesperson cleaner baseball player assistant policeman
颜色
red blue yellow green white black pink purple orange brown]
食品
rice bread beef milk water egg fish tofu cake hot dog hamburger noodles meat
chicken pork mutton vegetable soup ice-cream Coke juice tea coffee (breakfast lunch dinner)
水果,蔬菜
apple banana pear orange watermelon grape eggplant green beans tomato potato peach cucumber strawberry onion carrot cabbage
衣服
jacket shirt T-shirt skirt dress jeans pants socks shoes sweater coat shorts sneakers slippers sandals boots hat
交通工具
bike bus train boat ship car taxi yacht taxi jeep van plane subway motor cycle
杂物
window door desk chair computer board fan light teacher's desk picture wall floor curtain trash bin closet mirror end table
football present lamp phone sofa shelf fridge table air-conditioner photo plate knife fork spoon ball kite box violin e-card e-mail traffic light money medicine
地点
home room bedroom bathroom living room kitchen classroom school park library post office hospital cinema bookstore
farm zoo garden study playground canteen teacher's office gym washroom art room company factory fruit stand pet shop nature park theme park bank village city
国家
China/PRC America/USA England Canada/CAN
天气
cold warm cool snowy sunny hot rainy windy cloudy weather reporter
景物
river lake stream forest path raod house bridge building rain cloud sun mountain sky
植物
flower grass tree seed sprout plant leaf
星期
day Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday weekend
月份
month January February March April May June July August September October November December year
季节
spring summer fall(autumn) winter
方位
south north east west left right
患病
have a fever hurt have a cold have toothache have a headache have a sore throat
数词
One two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen
twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety first second third fourth fifth eighth ninth twelfth twentieth
形容词
big small long tall short young old strong thin active quiet nice kind strict smart funny tasty sweet salty sour fresh favourite
clean tired excited angry happy bored sad fine great heavy new fat happy right little lovely beautiful colourful pretty cheap expensive sick better
介词
in on under near behind next to over in front to from to for
代词
I me my we us our you your he him his she her it its they them their
动词
Play swim skate fly jump walk run climb fight swing eat like have turn buy take live teach go study learn sing dance row do homework watch TV read books cook the meals water the flowers sweep the floor clean the bedroom make the bed set the table wash the clothes do the dishes use a computer do morning exercises eat breakfast eat dinner go to school have English class play sports get up climb mountains go shopping play the piano visit grandparents go hiking fly kites make a snowman plant trees draw pictures cook dinner read a book answer the phone listen to music clean the room write a letter write an e-mail drink water take pictures watch insects pick up leaves do an experiment catch butterflies count insects collect insect collect leaves write a report play chess have a picnic get to ride a bike play the violin make kites collect stamps meet welcome thank work look help pass show use clean open close stop wait drive send feel become think wear put on go home go to bed play computer games do housework empty the trash put away the clothes get off(on) take a trip go on a trip read a magazine go to the cinema
疑问词
what(什么) what colour(什么颜色) what time(几点)
what day(星期几) how(怎样)how old(年龄多大,几岁)
how many(多少) how much (多少钱) how tall (多高)
how heavy(多重) how long(多长) how big(多大) how large(面积多大) who(谁) when(什么时候)
whose (谁的) where(在哪里) why(为什么)
which(哪一个)
be动词
am is are was were
助动词:do does did
情态动词
can should would will
当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。
比较级的句子结构通常是：
什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ,意为：“比……更……”。 如：
I’m taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）
An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）
形容词的比较级变化规则:形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，规则形容词的比较级变化规则是：
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,
hot – hotter
下表举例列举一些形容词的原级和比较级。
| 原级 |
比较级 |
| long |
longer |
| large |
larger |
| dry |
drier |
| big |
bigger |
| hot |
hotter |
一般过去时：
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为；过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
be动词在第一人称是单数和第三人称是单数是用was，其余用were。
a. 表示在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语。
yesterday（昨天）、last week （上星期）、an hour ago（一小时前）等连用。
例：I went to the zoo with my father last Sunday. 上周日我和我爸爸去动物园了。
They weren't able to come because they were so busy.他太忙了，所以去不了。
b. 表示在过去一段时间里，经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。
例：My brother watched the World Cup every day last month.上个月哥哥每天都看世界杯比赛。
一般过去时句法结构：肯定形式
主语+动词过去式+其他
例句：She often came to help us in those days.
否定形式
①was/were+not；②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词
例句：I didn't know you like coffee
一般疑问句
①Did+主语+do+其他？ ②WasWere+主语+表语?
例句：Did I do that?
用表格整理如下：
| 肯定式 |
疑问式 |
否定式 |
疑问否定式 |
| Iworked |
Did I work? |
I did not work |
Did I not work? |
| He(She,It) worked |
Did he(she,it) work? |
He(she,it) did not work |
Did he(she,it) notwork? |
| We worked |
Did we work? |
We did not work |
Did we not work? |
| You worked |
Did you work? |
You did not work |
Did you not work? |
| They worked |
Did they work? |
They did not work |
Did they not work? |
结构句型:
1．一般句子
I watched TV last night.
2．一般疑问句
Did you watch TV last night？
3．there be 句型
There was an apple on the table last night.
Was there an apple on the table last night
一般过去时用法口诀：一般过去时并不难，过去动作、状态记心间。
动词要用过去式，时间状语句末站。
否定句很简单，didn't 站在动原前，其它部分不要变。
一般疑问句也好变，did放在句子前，主语、动原、其它部分依次站。
特殊疑问句也简单，疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。
最后一条请注意，动词过去式要牢记！
过去式和过去分词的构成表：
|
词 |
构成 |
举例 |
|
一般情况 |
词尾+ed |
动词原形 |
过去式和过去分词 |
|
look
talk |
looked
talked |
|
以不发音字母e结尾 |
词尾+d |
like
arrive |
liked
arrived |
|
以“辅以字母+y”结尾 |
变y为i，再加ed |
fly
study |
flied
studied |
|
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母 |
双写词尾+ed |
stop
plan |
stopped
planned |
不规则变化的动词过去式：
have---had are---were get---got say---said feel---felt do/does---did is---was go---went drink--drank eat--ate bring----brought think----thought
buy----bought catch---- caught teach ---- taught sit----sat wear----wore cut----cut sweep----swept sleep——slept become----became
语态：
是动词的一种形式，它表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；
如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。
例：Danny’s head is stuck. 丹尼的头被粘住了。
被动语态的基本结构：
主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者）
① 一般现在时：am/is/are+过去分词
如：Trees are planted every year.
② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词
如：The road is being repaired.
③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词
如：The work has been finished.
④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
如：The story was told by him.
Many birds were killed last year.
⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词
如：The new house was being painted when I got home.
⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词
如： He told me that the work had been finished.
⑦一般将来时 will +be + 过去分词
如： The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词
如：He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.
⑨情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+ be +过去分词
如：The problem must be solved soon.
Children should be taught to love animals.
被动语态关注点：
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
如：happen, break down, come out......
What will happen in 100 years.
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
如：write, sell, ride.....
This pen writes well.
This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式，主动语态中不带“to”，但变为被动语态时，须加上“to”。
例：make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时，直接宾语（物）作主语，那么动词后要用介词，这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时，动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
构成
be+done.
主动句变为被动句4步骤：1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。
被动语态各时态构成表:
|
TENSE |
主动语态 |
被动语态 |
|
一般现在时 |
be+V.V.s |
amisare+(p.p) |
|
一般将来时 |
willegoingtoe(about)to+V. |
willbe+(p.p) |
|
现在进行时 |
amisare+V.ing |
amisare+being+(p.p) |
|
一般过去时 |
①waswere②V.ed |
waswere+(p.p) |
|
现在完成时 |
havehas+V.p.p |
havehas+been+(p.p) |
|
过去完成时 |
had+V.p.p |
had+been+(p.p) |
|
过去进行时 |
waswere+V.ing |
waswere+being+(p.p) |
|
情态动词 |
情态动词+V. |
情态动词+be+(p.p) |