阅读理解。Thirty years ago, Lake Ponkapog in Hartwell, New Jersey, was full,初中二年级,英语试题,健康环保类阅读考点,好技网

阅读理解
阅读理解。
Thirty years ago, Lake Ponkapog in Hartwell, New Jersey, was full of life. Many birds and animals
lived beside the water, which was full of fish. Now there are few birds, animals, and fish. The lake water
is polluted. It is in a colour of dirty brown, and it is filled with strange plants.
How did this happen? First, we must think about how water gets into Lake Ponkapog. When it rains,
water comes into the lake from all around. In the past, there were forests all round Lake Ponkapog, so the
rainwater was clean.
Now there are many homes around the lake. People often use the chemicals (化学制品) in their gardens.
They use other chemicals inside their houses for cleaning and killing insects. There are also many businesses.
Businesses use chemicals in their machines of shops. Other chemicals fall onto the ground from cars or
trucks. When it rains, the rainwater picks up all the chemicals from home and businesses and then carries
them into the lake. They pollute the water and kill the animals.
Boats on the lake are also a problem. Lake Ponkapog is a popular place for motorboats (汽船). But oil and
gas (汽油) from boats often get into the lake. So more bad chemicals go into the water this way.
People in Hartwell are worried. They love their lake and want to save it. Will it be possible? A clean lake
must have clean rainwater going into it. Clean rainwater is possible only if people are more careful about
chemicals at home and at work. They must also be more careful about gas and oil and other chemicals on
the ground. And they mustn't use motorboats any more on the lake. All these may change people's lives. Only
then can Lake Ponkapog be a beautiful, clean lake again.
1. In the past, the water in Lake Ponkapog was made clean by ______.
[     ]

A. forests
B. rain
C. birds
D. fish
2. Chemicals from homes and businesses ______.
[     ]

A. are always clean
B. can help the animals
C. are good for the lake
D. get into the rainwater
3. Cleaner rainwater will mean ______.
[     ]

A. more boats on the lake
B. more dirty things in the lake
C. a cleaner lake
D. a dirty lake
4. To save Lake Ponkapog, people need to ______.
[     ]

A. be more careful about chemicals
B. use the water
C. grow fewer plants in the gardens
D. use more motorboats on the lake
5. The passage is about ______.
[     ]

A. boats on the Lake Pankapog
B. why the water is dirty in Lake Ponkapog
C. clean rainwater
D. dirty lakes

本题信息：2010年安徽省月考题英语阅读理解难度极难来源:张雪
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健康环保类阅读

健康环保类阅读：
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧：
应试生态环保类题目时，在理解文章的基础上，要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能，因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意：
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是：找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点：
①有一个话题(topic)；
②有阐述控制性概念，偶尔也可在一段中间；
③有的文章无明显主题句，主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排，理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”，考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的，分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误：
①忽视文章的结构；
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别；
③忽视文章表意的倾向性；
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断：
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意，并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题，关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上，运用自己的数学知识，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节，运用基础知识进行分析、推敲，从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料，不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实，然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中，因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞。

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