阅读理解。
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the
fewest possible words.
In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of "mastery" -feeling important and worthwhile-and
the sources of what we call a sense of"pleasure"-finding life enjoyable-are not always the same. In the past
women often were told"You can't have it all." Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: "You choose a
career, so you can't expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life." or"You have a wonderful
husband and children-what's all this about wanting a career?" But today women need to have two aspects of
well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.
Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes
self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely
related to the"doing" side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of
happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the"feeling" side of life. The two are
independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa. For
example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about
herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.
The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and
correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the
source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to
be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly
higher in mastery than women who were not employed.
A woman's well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the
women who were involved in a combination of roles-marriages, motherhood, and employment-were the
highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.
1. What is the best title for the passage? (no more than 10 words)
________________________________________________________________________
2. According to the writer mastery means ______ and pleasure means _________.(no more than 10 words)
3. What is the main idea of the Second Paragraph? (no more than 8 words)
________________________________________________________________________
4. The underlined word"it" (Line 4, Para 2) refer to _______. (1 word)

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