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高中三年级英语

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    [1]Jogging is a great way to have fun and stay in shape.But is it safe? Yes,it can be,as long as you are making it safe.There is no reason that you can’t share the road with everyone.
    [2]First of all,it is best to run with a partner,just in case something would go wrong.But some people enjoy running as a way to be alone and get away for a while.I must admit I am guilty of this one myself. So if possible,bring a cell phone.and I always carry it in my hand if I don’t have pockets.
    [3]I know the number one worry when jogging on the road is traffic.You can’t control who is driving on the road,but there are precautions that you can take.Avoid running at night,even with reflective clothes. And also avoid running in bad weather.When conditions are bad,try to use alternative fornls of exercises.
    [4] Next if you plan to run for a long distance,make sure_______________________.
    You’ll need to drink a lot of water after sweating.If you plan to run in the country and might not have access to the fountain,then bring a light bottle with you.Wearing proper shoes is also important.Not wearing proper shoes can cause blisters,rashes,and even more serious injuries such as sprained ankles.
    [5]Warm-up is a must when jogging,especially for long distances.If you don’t,cramps(痉挛)are very likely to happen,and they are not fun at all,not to mention pulling or straining muscles. I like to take a very light warm-up exercise,just around the block or down tbe driveway.This allows your muscles to loosen up so you can stretch.
    [6]Jogging is a great exercise and great pastime,Be safe,be aware and have fun.
    小题1:What’s the main idea of this passage?(no more than 6 words)
    小题2:Fill in the blank in paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
    小题3:Translate the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 into Chinese.
    小题4:List three things a jogger should pay attention to based on the text.(no more than 10 words)
    小题5:Why does the writer suggest taking a cell phone for jogging?(no more than 10 words)

    本题信息:英语完形填空难度一般 来源:未知
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本试题 “[1]Jogging is a great way to have fun and stay in shape.But is it safe? Yes,it can be,as long as you are making it safe.There is no reason th...” 主要考查您对

缩写与简写

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  • 缩写与简写

缩写与简写的概念:

用单词首尾字母组成一个新词的英语构词法叫做首尾字母缩略法。这种形式的英语构词生成的新词,读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音;作为一个单词读音。
如:Foreign Language Teaching Agency→FLTA上海外教网
        Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福
        Teach English as a Foreign Language→TEFL
        Teach English as a Second Language→TESL
        Graduate Record Examination→GRE美国研究生入学考试


缩写的几种类型:

1、单词缩写应省略在辅音之后,元音之前:
英文单词缩写一般以辅音结尾,而不以元音结尾。如American省略为Am,而不省略为Ame或Amer,Medicine或Medical缩写为Med,European缩写为Eur等。但Science例外,缩写为Sci,可能是因为元音I之后又是元音E的缘故。缩写刊名每个词首字母必须大写,而不可全部都用大写或小写。
2、压缩字母法:
仅个别单词采用压缩字母方式缩写。
如:Japanese缩写为Jpn而不是Jan
        National应缩写为Natl而不是Nat
经常有读者将Japanese写成Jan是参考文献著录中常见的错误。
如:Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology,应缩写为JpnJOphthalmol,National Cancer Institute Research Report缩写为NatlCancerInstResRep。而Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写,如:NatureMedicine, Naturebiotechnology分别缩写为NatMed, NatBiotechnol。
另外CN是中国的国别代码,期刊缩写刊名中,ChinaChinese不得缩写为CN,而应缩写为Chin.采用压缩写法是为了避免与其他常用缩写混淆。
如:Japanese不能缩写为Jan,可能是Jan是January的固定缩写形式,National缩写为Natl而不缩写为Nat,可能是Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写。
3、学科名称缩写:
刊名中学科名称缩写很常见,因而了解学科名缩写规则非常必要。凡以-ogy结尾的单词,一律将词尾-ogy去掉,如Cardiology缩写为Cariol,Biology缩写为Biol,以-ics结尾的学科名词,缩写时将-ics或连同其前面若干字母略去。如:Physics缩写为Phys。以-try结尾的词,缩写时将-try连同前面若干字母略去。如:chemistry缩写为Chem。其中也包括其他形容词的缩写。
4、刊名中常用词和特殊单词的缩写:
期刊名中有些常用单词可以缩写为一个字母。
如:Journal缩写为J
        Quarterly缩写为Q
        Royal缩写为R
        New缩写为N
        South缩写为S
5、刊名首字母组合:
有些杂志名称缩写采用首字母组合,而且已被固定下来,一般都是国际上有较大影响的期刊,并得到国际上众多索引性检索工具的认同。
如:The Journal of American Medical Association缩写为JAMA, British Medical Journal缩写为BMJ等。
6、国家名称的缩写:
刊名中国家名称的缩写分为两种情况。如国家名称为单个词汇,缩写时常略去词尾或词的后部分若干字母。
如:American缩写为Am
        British缩写为Br
        Chinese缩写为Chin
而国家名称由多个词组组成时,常取每个词的首字母,如United States of America 缩写为USA或US。
7、虚词一律省略:
有许多虚词,如the, of, for, and, on, from, to等,在缩写时均省去。
如:Journal of chemistry缩写为J chem
       Archives of Medical Research缩写为Arch Med Res