本试题 “—Would you mind me _____ here?—_____ . Let me take my bag away.[ ]A. to sit; Better notB. sitting; Better notC. to sit; Not at allD. sitting; Not a...” 主要考查您对日常用语、谚语
动名词
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
英语日常交际用语分类：
打招呼与告别用语（Greeting and Saying Good-bye）
1.－How are you ?
－I’m fine, thanks.
2. －Nice to meet you.
－Nice to meet you, too.
谈论颜色（Talking about colour）
1. －What colour is it?
－It’s red.
2. －What’s you favourite colour, Jenny?
－My favourite colour is blue.
3. －How many colours do you like?
－Three.
谈论高度（Talking about height）
1. －Are you short or tall?
－I’m short／tall.
2. －How tall am I, Mr Wood?
－You’re 1.6 metres tall.
看病用语（Seeing a doctor）
1. －What’s the matter?
－I cut my knee. It hurts.
就餐用语（Having meals）
1. －Would you like some dumpling?
－No, thanks.／ Yes please.
2. I’d like porridge for breakfast.
3. It’s ／Thery’re delicious.
4. What would you like for supper?
5. －Are you ready to order?
－Yes, please. I’d like…….
谈论天气（Talking about weather）
1 －How is the weather today?／ What’s the weather like today?
－It’ sunny rainy snowy windy.
2. －Is it snowy?
－ No , it’s hot today.
3. －what’s the temperature?
－ It’s 0 degrees.
4. －Is it rainy?
－Yes, it’s rainy.
5 It’s warm and windy in spring.
6. －How’s the weather today, Steven?
－It’s cold and snowy.
7.－What’s the temperature outside, Kim?
－It’s minus fifteen degress.
8.What’s the temperature today? Is it warm or hot?
9.It’s very cold hot today, isn’t it?
10. It ‘s a cold day!
11. what a cold day!
12. It’s getting warmer.
谈论时间和日期（Talking about time and date）
1. －What time is it?／What’s the time?
－It’s 7:00 a quarter to seven ten past seven.
2. －What day is it?
－It’s Tuesday.
3. －What’s the date?
－It’s October 30.
谈论年龄（Talking about age）
1. －How old are you? What’s your age?
－ I’m fourteen years old.
2. She is very young.
谈论购物（Talking about shopping ）
1.－May I help you ?／What can I do for you?
－I would like／want to buy a pencil, please.
2. －How much is this are they?
－Three yuan.
3. I’ll take it.
4. Here’s your change.
5. What colour kind would you like?
6. What about this one?
7.I’m looking for a birthday present for my friend.
8.Do you have any other sizes／ kinds?
谈论距离（Talking about distance）
1. How far is it from China to Canada?
It’s about 8,500 kilometres.
2. Beijing is far from our city.
3. －How far is Beijing from here?
－It’s about 7,000 kilometres miles away.
请求允许（Asking for permission）
1. May I have some donuts, please?
2. －May I have some grapes?
－Sorry. We don’t have any grapes. But we have some pears.
3. －what would you like, Mom?
－I would like a bowl of noodles.
指路（Showing the way）
－Excuse me. Does the hotel have a computer?
－Yes! I can show you. Go straight down this hall. Here it is!
道别用语（Saying good-bye）
－Okay. See you later!
－See you later!
表扬与鼓励（Praise and encouragement）
1.The gift is wonderful!
2. You can do it.
3.These chopsticks are beautiful!
4.Beijing is great!
5.Very good!
6. Good work!
7.Well done! ／ Wonderful! ／Excellent!
8.You speak English very well!
9.Keep trying!
10.You dress is beautiful!
11.Come on!
谈论节日和季节（Talking about festivals and seasons）
1. －What’s your favourtite festival ／season?
－ My favourite festival is Children’s Day.
_My favourite seasons is fall are spring and winter.
2. I like Teachers’ Day.
3.I like winter because I like to ski and skate.
4.Spring in China is usually warm.
5. There’re four seasons in a year.
初中常用谚语：
He is not fit to command others that cannot command himself.正人先正己。
He knows most who speaks least.大智若愚。
He who does not advance loses ground.逆水行舟，不进则退。
If you make yourself an ass, don't complain if people ride you.人善被人欺，马善被人骑。
If you want knowledge, you must toil for it.要想求知，就得吃苦。
Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母。
It is better to die when life is a disgrace.宁为玉碎，不为瓦全。
It is easy to open a shop but hard to keep it always open.创业容易守业难。
It is hard to please all.众口难调。
It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。
It is the first step that costs troublesome.万事开头难。
It is the unforeseen that always happens.天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
It is too late to grieve when the chance is past.坐失良机，后悔已迟。
It never rains but it pours.不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。
It takes three generations to make a gentleman.十年树木，百年树人。
Jack of all trades and master of none.门门精通，样样稀松。
Judge not from appearances.人不可貌相，海不可斗量。
Justice has long arms.天网恢恢，疏而不漏。
Keep good men company and you shall be of the number.近朱者赤，近墨者黑。
Kill two birds with one stone.一箭双雕。
Kings go mad, and the people suffer for it.君王发狂，百姓遭殃。
Kings have long arms.普天之下，莫非王土。
Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。
Knowledge makes humble, ignorance makes proud.博学使人谦逊，无知使人骄傲。
初中英语作文常用的谚语：
1.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
2.God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者。
3.Easier said than done. 说起来容易做起来难。
4.Where there is a will，there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
5.One false step will make a great difference. 失之毫厘，谬之千里。
6.Slow and steady wins the race. 稳扎稳打无往而不胜。
7.A fall into the pit，a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
8.Experience is the mother of wisdom. 实践出真知。
9.All work and no play makes jack a dull boy. 只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
10.Beauty without virtue is a rose without fragrance.无德之美犹如没有香味的玫瑰，徒有其表。
11.More hasty，less speed. 欲速则不达。
12.Its never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
13.All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的未必都是金子。
14.A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.千里之行始于足下。
15.Look before you leap. 三思而后行。
16.Rome was not built in a day. 伟业非一日之功。
17.Great minds think alike. 英雄所见略同。
18.well begun，half done. 好的开始等于成功的一半。
19.It is hard to please all. 众口难调。
20.Out of sight，out of mind. 眼不见，心不念。
21.Facts speak plainer than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
22.Call back white and white back. 颠倒黑白。
23.First things first. 凡事有轻重缓急。
24.Ill news travels fast. 坏事传千里。
25.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。
26.live not to eat，but eat to live. 活着不是为了吃饭，吃饭为了活着。
27.Action speaks louder than words. 行动胜过语言。
28.East or west，home is the best. 金窝银窝不如自家草窝。
29.Its not the gay coat that makes the gentleman. 君子在德不在衣。
30.Beauty will buy no beef. 漂亮不能当饭吃。
31.Like and like make good friends. 趣味相投。
32.The older， the wiser. 姜是老的辣。
33.Do as Romans do in Rome. 入乡随俗。
34.An idle youth，a needy age. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。
35.As the tree，so the fruit. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
36.To live is to learn，to learnistobetterlive.活着为了学习，学习为了更好的活着。
37. Where there is a will， there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
38. Nothing is too difficult in the world if you set your mind into it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。
39. Every coin has two sides. 每枚硬币都有两面;凡事皆有好坏。
40. Don‘t troubles trouble until trouble troubles you. 不要自找麻烦。
41. No pains，no gains. 不劳无获
动名词的结构和形式：
动名词的否定结构：
动名词的否定结构由not 动名词组成。如：
Trying without success is better than not trying at all. 实验没有成功也比不实验好。
He hated himself for not having work hard. 他悔恨自己没有用功。
I’m sorry for not having telephoned you before. 很抱歉，没有早给你打电话。
He felt sorry for not having done the work well. 他为没有把工作做好感到难过。
I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going. 我看不去对你倒好了。
（not going 是动名词一般式的否定形式）
There is no denying the fact that he si diligent.
（no denying 也是动名词一般式的否定）
动名词复合结构：
通常情况下，动名词的逻辑主语为谓语动词的主语。如果动名词动作的发出者不失谓语动的主语时，则需要有自己的逻辑主语物主代词或名词所有格加动名词就构成了动名词的复合结构，这种结构在句中可以作主语，宾语等。
（1）逻辑主语是有生命的名词作主语时，必须用名词或代词所有格，作宾语时（尤其在口语中），也可用名词普通个或人称代词宾格。如：
Do you think my going there will be of any help?
你看我去会有什么帮助吗？（宾语）
The student’s knowing English well helps him in learning French.
这位学生通晓英语对他学法语很有帮助。（主语）
Do you mind my(me) smoking ? 你介意我抽烟吗？（宾语）
They insist on Mary’s (Mary) going with them there.
他们坚持要玛丽跟他们一起去那儿。（介词宾语）
（2）逻辑主语是无生命名词是，通常只用名词普通格。如：
Do you hear the rain pattering on the roof?
你听见雨点打在屋顶上了吗？
Is there any hope of our team winning the match ?
我们对赢得比赛有希望吗？
(3) 逻辑主语是指示代词或不定代词this that , somebody , someone , nobody, none, anybody, anyone 时，只用普通格。如：
She was woken up by somebody shouting outside.
她被外面喊叫的人吵醒了。
动名词的形式（一般式，完成式和被动式）：
(1) 动名词的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词表示的动作之后。如：
We are very interested in collecting stamps. 我们对集邮很感兴趣。
His coming will be of great help to us . 他来对我们大有帮助。
但是有些明确表示时间的动词和介词 after, on,upon, 或for之后，常用一般式代替完成式，表示动作发生在谓语动作之前。如：
I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the first time.我永远不会忘记第一次看到长城的情景。
On hearing that bad news , the mother couldn’t help crying. 一听到这个糟糕的消息，母亲就禁不住哭了起来。
Excuse me for coming late. 我来晚了，请原谅。
Thank you for giving us so much help. 谢谢你给了我们这么多帮助。
(2) 动名词的完成式所表示的动作或状态在谓语动词之前完成或结束。
He regrets not having taken part in the work. 他后悔没有参加这项工作。
We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time. 我们因提前完成了这项工作而受到了表扬。
(3)动名词的被动式：当动名词的逻辑主语是行为承受者时，用被动语态。如：
I like being given harder work. 我喜欢接受难点的工作。
She is proud of being admitted into the university. 她为被大学录取而感到自豪。
The meeting was put off without his having been consulted. 会议延期并未和他商量。
He doesn’t mind having been criticized. 他不介意过去受到的批评。
动名词与现在分词的关系：
动名词它在形式上与现在分词相同，都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中，这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。
这两种形式的另一个相同之处是：
它们都是由动词变化而成的，它们都保留了动词的某些特征，它们都能带自己的宾语、状语，而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。
例如：
Speaking in the public,he will surely be very cheerful .
（现在分词短语，作状语）他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。
She hates speaking in the public.
（动名词短语，作宾语）她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。
动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语，区别方法是：
①作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事，此时系动词相当于“是”，通常把主语和表语的位置互换，语法和意思不变，例如：
My hobby is swimming.可改为Swimming is my hobby.(可将原句中的主语与表语位置互换)
②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质，不能与主语互换位置，例如：
The story is interesting .不可改为：Interesting is the story.
2.动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词，两者的区别在于：
动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途，而现在分词修饰名词时性质、状态或动作等。试比较：
①a swimming boy和a swimming suit
前者的意思是“一个正在游泳的男孩”，即a boy who is swimming，现在分词swimming 表示被修饰名词boy的动作；
而后者的意思是“游泳衣”，即a suit for swimming,动名词swimming表示suit 的用途。
②a sleeping child 和 a sleeping car
前者的意思是“一个正在睡觉的孩子”，即a child who is sleeping，现在分词sleeping 表示被修饰名词 child 正处于的状态；
而后者的意思是“卧车(被用来睡觉的车厢)”，即 a car which is used for sleeping,动名词 sleeping 表示car 的用途。
动名词用法口诀：
动名词常泛指，句法作用宾/表/定与主，时态/语态之形式，一般/完成/被动式。
Being done 系被动，不含任何进行意。用作主语请留意，常用it作形式主语，不指未来发生事，表达的信息系已知。
用作表语请记清，作用相当一名词，检验方法很简单，主与表换位能成立。
用作定语也易辩，表示名词之用途。
用作宾语稍复杂，关键留意谓语动词（跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后），时态同谓动作比较，先于谓动用完成式，其逻辑主语不固定，在句中/句外均有之。
否定式其前加not，复合式其前加物主词，非句首宾格词也可用，尤其口语中更如此。
说明：1、主-----主语 2、宾-----宾语 3、表------表语 4、定------定语 5、谓动---谓语动词
动名词的用法：
一、动名词作主语
1. 直接位于句首做主语。例如：
Swimming is a good sport in summer.
2. 用 it 作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。
动名词做主语时，不太常用 it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如：
It is no use telling him not to worry.
常见的能用于这种结构的形容词还有：better，wonderful，enjoyable，interesting，foolish，difficult，useless，senseless，worthwhile，等。
注意：important，essential，necessary 等形容词不能用于上述结构。
3. 用于“There be”结构中。例如：
There is no saying when he'll come.很难说他何时回来。
4. 用于布告形式的省略结构中。例如：
No smoking ( =No smoking is allowed (here) ). （禁止吸烟）
No parking. （禁止停车）
5. 动名词的复合结构作主语
当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构
(这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。
动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。例如：
Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us.
二、动名词作宾语
1.作动词的宾语
某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。常见的此类动词有：
admit, appreciate, excuse, stand, advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish
They went on walking and never stopped talking.他们继续走，说个不停。
I found it pleasant walking along the seashore.在海滩上走真是乐事。
Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations.
每当马克违反交通规则时，他常常企图逃避罚款的处分。
2.作介词的宾语
We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。
Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我们休息呢还是开始干活？
3.作形容词的宾语
The music is well worth listening to more than once. 这种曲子很值得多听几遍。
We are busy preparing for the coming sports meet. 我们正为马上到来的运动会忙着做准备。
三、动名词作表语
动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。
表语、动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。
(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
四、动名词作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：
a walking stick ＝a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing
a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading
a measuring tape=a tape for measuring=a tape which is used for measuring
sleeping pills=pills for sleeping=pills which is used for sleeping
| 时态、语态 | 主动 | 被动 |
| 一般式 | writing | being written |
| 完成式 having written |
having been written |
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