阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Last December, Doris Low turned 90. Once a week sh,高中,英语试题,缩写与简写考点,好技网

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阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Last December, Doris Low turned 90. Once a week she still drives to the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB) in Toronto, where she helps transform literature into Braille() to bring the power of story and knowledge to the hears and minds of blind readers. She has been volunteering her time and talents to such enterprises foe more than 40 years.
After working in the business world for a while, Low got fed up. So she turned to teaching at a technical school and later moved into the library.
Low’s mother liked reading. As her eyes began to fail, low read to her. Then “ hearing an advertisement encouraging people to learn Braille, I decided to give it a try.” In 1973, she was certified as a braille transcriber (转译者) and began transcribing books as a volunteer for the CNIB library.
The job was strenuous ---she could get to the end of a page, make a mistake on the last line, and have to do the whole thing again. For a number of years, low also worked in the CNIB sound studio reading books onto tape. Three years ago, she took up proofreading (校对) at the CNIB’s word factory.
In April, during Volunteer Week, the CNIB recognized Low for her great contributions. Thanks to volunteers like Low, the CNIB library has got more than 80,000 accessible materials for people unable to read traditional print. “ I can’t imagine how many readers of all ages have benefited from
Doris’s contribution as a skilled volunteer through her rich voice and her high degree of accuracy in the hundreds of books she has brailled and proofread over the years--- and she is still doing so,” said a CNIB official.
“For me,” said Low, “the CNIB is more than just a place to volunteer. Three thins matter most in my life: a little play, a little work, a little love. I’ve found them all here.”
小题1:What does Low still do at the age of 90 at the CNIB? ( no more than 10 words)
小题2:Why did Low learn Braille? ( no more than 15 words)
小题3:what does the underlined word “strenuous” most probably mean?(1 word)
小题4:What are Low’s contributions to the CNIB? ( no more than 10 words)
小题5:What do you think of Low? Give your reasons. ( no more than 20 words)

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本试题 “阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。Last December, Doris Low turned 90. Once a week she still drives to the Canadian National Institute for the ...” 主要考查您对
缩写与简写
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。

缩写与简写

缩写与简写的概念：

用单词首尾字母组成一个新词的英语构词法叫做首尾字母缩略法。这种形式的英语构词生成的新词，读音主要有两种形式，即各字母分别读音；作为一个单词读音。
如：Foreign Language Teaching Agency→FLTA上海外教网
        Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福
        Teach English as a Foreign Language→TEFL
        Teach English as a Second Language→TESL
        Graduate Record Examination→GRE美国研究生入学考试

缩写的几种类型：

1、单词缩写应省略在辅音之后，元音之前：
英文单词缩写一般以辅音结尾，而不以元音结尾。如American省略为Am，而不省略为Ame或Amer，Medicine或Medical缩写为Med，European缩写为Eur等。但Science例外，缩写为Sci，可能是因为元音I之后又是元音E的缘故。缩写刊名每个词首字母必须大写，而不可全部都用大写或小写。
2、压缩字母法：
仅个别单词采用压缩字母方式缩写。
如：Japanese缩写为Jpn而不是Jan
        National应缩写为Natl而不是Nat
经常有读者将Japanese写成Jan是参考文献著录中常见的错误。
如：Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology，应缩写为JpnJOphthalmol，National Cancer Institute Research Report缩写为NatlCancerInstResRep。而Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写，如：NatureMedicine, Naturebiotechnology分别缩写为NatMed, NatBiotechnol。
另外CN是中国的国别代码，期刊缩写刊名中，ChinaChinese不得缩写为CN，而应缩写为Chin.采用压缩写法是为了避免与其他常用缩写混淆。
如：Japanese不能缩写为Jan,可能是Jan是January的固定缩写形式，National缩写为Natl而不缩写为Nat,可能是Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写。
3、学科名称缩写：
刊名中学科名称缩写很常见，因而了解学科名缩写规则非常必要。凡以-ogy结尾的单词，一律将词尾-ogy去掉，如Cardiology缩写为Cariol，Biology缩写为Biol,以-ics结尾的学科名词，缩写时将-ics或连同其前面若干字母略去。如：Physics缩写为Phys。以-try结尾的词，缩写时将-try连同前面若干字母略去。如：chemistry缩写为Chem。其中也包括其他形容词的缩写。
4、刊名中常用词和特殊单词的缩写：
期刊名中有些常用单词可以缩写为一个字母。
如：Journal缩写为J
        Quarterly缩写为Q
        Royal缩写为R
        New缩写为N
        South缩写为S
5、刊名首字母组合：
有些杂志名称缩写采用首字母组合，而且已被固定下来，一般都是国际上有较大影响的期刊，并得到国际上众多索引性检索工具的认同。
如：The Journal of American Medical Association缩写为JAMA， British Medical Journal缩写为BMJ等。
6、国家名称的缩写：
刊名中国家名称的缩写分为两种情况。如国家名称为单个词汇，缩写时常略去词尾或词的后部分若干字母。
如：American缩写为Am
        British缩写为Br
        Chinese缩写为Chin
而国家名称由多个词组组成时，常取每个词的首字母，如United States of America 缩写为USA或US。
7、虚词一律省略：
有许多虚词，如the, of, for, and, on, from, to等，在缩写时均省去。
如：Journal of chemistry缩写为J chem
       Archives of Medical Research缩写为Arch Med Res

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