人称代词：
代词是为了避免重复，用来代替前面提到过的人、动物、事物名称的词。人称代词主要用来指人，也能用来指物。人称代词分主格和宾格。

人称	单数		复数
	主格	宾格	主格	宾格
第一人称	I	me	we	us
第二人称	you	you	you	you
第三人称	he	him	they	them
	she	her
	it	it

人称代词主宾口诀:
人称代词分主/宾，只有八对要区分。
你（们）、它主/宾同一形，其余主/宾须分清。
谓语之前主格填，动/介之后宾格跟，
口语运用最灵活，表语也可用宾格。
人称代词并列现，注意顺序礼貌见，
二一、三一、二三一，第一人称最谦虚，
若把错误责任担，第一人称须当先。

疑问副词：
用来引导特殊疑问句，表示时间，地点，方式，原因等，常见的有：when,where,how,why等。
分类：
时间副词：now, then, yesterday, always, already, soon
地点副词：here, home, upstairs, nowhere, above, near, beyond
方式副词：多数是形容词加上ly构成的，和一些well, fast, quick, slow, hard, alone, straight, wide
在加词尾ly时要注意：
（1）辅音+le：simple→simply, gentle→gently,
（2）以ic结尾的词：classic→classical但是public→publicly
（3）以辅音读音是[i]的y结尾的词：easy→easily
（4）特例：full→fully, whole→wholly, true→truly
程度副词，连接副词，关系副词
much, enough, quite, hardly, almost, deeply
疑问副词连接副词，关系副词：
how，who，where
疑问副词在句中的位置及用法举例：
由于疑问副词后接疑问句，因此这些副词一般都位于句首。例如：
How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学？
Why do you dislike the game? 为什么你不喜欢这个游戏？
疑问代词和疑问副词区别：
1. 疑问代词做对陈述句的主语,宾语或定语提问,即做句子的主语,宾语或定语, 如：
what, who/ whom, whose.
eg. Who is talking ?
What can you see?
Whose shirt is this?

2.疑问副词对时间,地点,方式等状语提问,如：
when, where, how 等.
eg. When is your birthday?
Where are you going?
How do you know?

特殊疑问句：
以特殊疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
常用的疑问词有：what、who、whose、which、when、where、how、why等。
特殊疑问句往往是就其中的某一成分，进行提问，而且根据情况直接回答，不能用yes或no简单回答。
常见的疑问代词有who, whose, which, what；疑问副词有when, where, why, how。
例：What do you do on Sunday? 你周日的时候干什么？ 
    Which class are you in? 你在哪个班？ 
    Where does Mr. Li live? 李先生住在哪？ 
    Why are you late? 你为什么迟到？

特殊疑问句的构成：
一、 特殊的疑问词。
特殊疑问句要由疑问代词或疑问副词开头，询问的内容不同, 使用的疑问词也不同。
我们学过的疑问词有：
what（询问事物）， how much（询问价格），what time （询问时间，尤其是点钟）， what kind of（询问种类），why（询问原因），who（询问人）， where（询问地点） 等等。如：
—What is this? 这是什么？
—It's a key. 这是一把钥匙。
—How much is it? 这个多少钱？
—It's twenty dollars. 二十美元。
—What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢哪一类型的电影？
—I like action movies. 我喜欢动作片。

二、特殊的语序。
特殊疑问句由疑问词开头，其构成是“疑问词 + 一般疑问句”。如：
What time is it？ 现在几点钟？
Who is your teacher? 谁是你的老师？

三、特殊的答语。
特殊疑问句不能用yes, no来回答，而应根据它所询问的内容直接做出回答才行。如：
— What time is it, please? 请问几点了？
— It's 7:30. 七点半了。
— Where are they? 他们在哪儿？
—They're in the playground. 他们在操场上。
—What's your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的科目是什么？
—English. 英语。

四、 特殊的语调。
一般情况下，特殊疑问句要用降调（↘）来读。如：
Who's ↘that?
How old is↘Jack?

特殊疑问句有两种语序：
1．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：
Who is singing in the room﹖
whose bike is broken﹖
2．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：
特殊疑问词+一般疑问句【特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语】
What does she like?
What class are you in﹖
Where are you from﹖
What time does he get up every morning﹖
How do you know﹖

就划线部分提问的基本方法：
小学对特殊疑问句的考查主要采取对划线句子提问的方式，那么在句型转换就划线部分提问的基本方法是：
先根据划线部分词语的意思和句法功能确定用什么疑问词；
然后将原句变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词的后面即可（注意去掉划线部分）。
基本构成：疑问词+一般疑问句
A、对“物”划线用What。 
  This is an orange. → What is this?
  We can see a cat under the desk. → What can you see under the desk?
B、对“地点”划线用Where，如果“地点”作定语时，用Which后跟被修饰的那个名词。 
  He is under the tree. → Where is he? 
  Jenny is in the classroom. → Where is Jenny? 
C、对“年龄”划线用How old。 
  Miss Li is twenty-three. → How old is Miss Li? 
  My sister is five years old. → How old is your sister?
D、对“颜色”划线，用What colour。 
  Her sweater is red. → What colour is her sweater? 
E、对“可数名词的数量”划线用How many +复数名词。
  She has one red coat. → How many red coats does she have?
  I have six books. → How many books do you have?
F、对“不可数名词的数量”划线用How much+不可数名词。
　I want to buy three kilos of meat. →How much meat do you want to buy?
G、对“职业”划线用What。 
  She is a driver. → What is she?
  My father is a farmer. → What is your father?
H、对“星期几”划线用What day。
　It's Sunday today. → What day is it today?
I、对“时间”划线用What time。
　We go to school at seven in the morning. → What time do you go to school in the morning?
  It is five o’clock now. → What time is it?

日常用语：
日常生活中经常用到的一些句子。例如:
Good morning. / Good afternoon. / Good evening.
Goodbye. / Bye-bye./ See you later.
How are you?  I’m fine, thanks.
I see．我明白了。
Shut up! 闭嘴！
Good job! 做得好！
Have fun! 玩得开心！
This way. 这边请。
Follow me. 跟我来。
Of course! 当然了！/ Sure. 当然可以。
What's up? 有什么事吗？
Be careful! 注意！

英语常用语和谚语举例:
常用谚语：
1.A bad beginning makes a bad ending. 不善始者不善终。
2.A bad thing never dies. 遗臭万年。
3.A bad workman always blames his tools.不会撑船怪河弯。
4.A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush.一鸟在手胜过双鸟在林。
5.A boaster and a liar are cousins-german.吹牛与说谎本是同宗。
6.A bully is always a coward. 色厉内荏。
7.A burden of one's choice is not felt. 爱挑的担子不嫌重。
8.A candle lights others and consumes itself. 蜡烛照亮别人，却毁灭了自己。
9.A cat has 9 lives. 猫有九条命。
10.A cat may look at a king. 人人平等。
11.A close mouth catches no flies. 病从口入。
12.A constant guest is never welcome. 常客令人厌。
13.Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩。
14.Adversity leads to prosperity. 穷则思变。
15.Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 逆境出人才。
16.A fair death honors the whole life. 死得其所，流芳百世。
17.A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。
18.A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. 吃一堑，长一智。
19.A fox may grow gray, but never good. 江山易改，本性难移。
20.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

常用语:
1.All right.
2.May I speak to Betty?
3.I'm Betty.
4.That's Betty.
5.She's speaking.
6.Would you like something to drink?
7.Yes,I'd like some coffee.
8. Yes,I'd like some cakes.
9.Yes, I do.
10.Yes, I can.
11.Would you like some fish?
12.No,of course not.
13.No,thanks.
14.No,I don't
15.Please don't
16.What can I do for you?
17.I can do it.
18.I'd like some oranges.
19.You can do it.
20.Yes,you do.
21.How much is the sweater?
22.There are many.
23.It's two kilos.
24.Thirty yuan.
25.There is much.
26.Excuse me ,Can you tell me the way to the No.1 People's Hospital,Pleace?
27.No, uou can't go there.
28.Yes,please.
29.Yes,it's next to that park.
30.How do you say that in English?
31.It's a picture.
32. It's "图画"
33.You can speak English.
34.You can say it in English.
35.Take good care of the books.
36.All right.Thank you.
37.Yes,I am.Thank you.
38.Yes, I do. 39.Yes, let's.
40.Don't read in the sun.It 's bad for your eyes.
41.Please do.
42.You're welcome.
43.Let's go to school.
44.Yes, please go there.
45.OK,Let's
46.Yes,I can.
47.Yes,you do.