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高中三年级英语

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  • 单选题
    _____ you met the foreigner from America?
    [     ]

    A. Where it was that                  
    B. Who it was that
    C. Where was it that                    
    D. Where was that


    本题信息:2011年安徽省模拟题英语单选题难度一般 来源:王振兴
  • 本题答案
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本试题 “_____ you met the foreigner from America?[ ]A. Where it was that B. Who it was thatC. Where was it that D. Where was that” 主要考查您对

特殊疑问句

强调句

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 特殊疑问句
  • 强调句

特殊疑问句的概念:

就句中某一部分进行提问的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句的基本结构是“疑问词+一般疑问句”,其回答应当是具体的。特殊疑问句句末一般用降调。
例如:How do I get there? 
            Why not? 
            What about the sports news?


特殊疑问句的使用:

1、特殊疑问句的概念: 所谓特殊疑问句就是指以疑问词开头的疑问句。
如:What are you laughing at? 你们笑什么? 句中的what就是疑问词,它的意思是“什么”。
英语中的疑问词不多,常见的有what, who, whose, when, where, why, how等;
以how开头的how many, how much, how old等,以及以what开头的what colour, what year, what class等,也都可视为疑问句。
如:How many do you need? 你们需要多少?
        What colour are your curtains? 你的窗帘是什么颜色的?
2、特殊疑问句的两种句型:
特殊疑问句有两种句型结构,一种是“疑问词+一般疑问句”。
如:When did you see him? 你什么时候见到他的?
        Why are you late again? 你怎么又迟到了。
第一句中的when为疑问词,其后的did you see him为一般疑问句形式;
第二句中的why为疑问词,are you late again是一个一般疑问句。
另一种是“疑问词+陈述句语序”,此时的疑问词在句中用作主语,或是修饰主语。
如:Who can answer this question? 谁能回答这个问题?
        Which book is more cheap? 哪本书更便宜些?
第一句中的who为疑问词,在句中用作主语,整个句子为陈述句词序;
第二句中的which为疑问词,在句中修饰主语book,整个句子也是陈述句词序。
3、特殊疑问句的回答:
特殊疑问句与一般疑问句不同,它不能直接用Yes或No来回答,而应根据具体情况作出相应的回答。
如:—Who sings best? 谁唱得最好?
        —(误)Yes, he does.
        —(正)Tom does. 汤姆唱得最好。
4、特殊疑问句的省略形式:
特殊疑问句有时可用省略形式,尤其是省略与前面相同的句子结构。
如:—He won't come.    他不来了。
        —Why?  为什么?
        —There's someone coming. 有人要来。
        —Who?  谁?
有些省略形式已成为约定成俗的固定表达,请大家要引起注意噢!
如:Why not use both? 为什么不两者都用?
        What about having a rest? 休息一会儿怎么样?
        Why not…后接动词原形,表示建议,意为“为什么不……呢”;
        What about…后接名词或动名词,也表示建议,意为“……怎么样”。


使用特殊疑问句特别提示:

1、疑问词的选用:
特殊疑问句是以what, who, when, where, how等开头的疑问句。这些表示疑问的词叫做疑问词。当然提问的内容的不同,我们使用的疑问词也不同。问物或做什么事用what,问电话号码也用what;问人的用who;问谁的用whose;问哪里用where;问何时用when;问年龄用how old;问身高用how tall;问颜色用what colour等。
例如:—What colour is your sweater? 你的毛衣是什么颜色的?
            —It's blue.  蓝色。
            —Whereisyourfather? 你的爸爸在哪?
            —He's in the kitchen.  他在厨房。
2、语序:
想知道对方是谁,汉语中可问“你是谁?”译成英语时语序变了,成了“Who are you?”而不能是“You are who?”所以,在英语中,我们特殊疑问句一般用倒装的语序,即用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序”构成。
小贴士:如果疑问词在句中作主语,则其后直接跟动词,语序不变。
例如:Who is going to the park tomorrow? 明天谁要去公园?
3、回答:
回答一般疑问句用yes和no来回答。但回答我们特殊疑问句时不可以用yes或no来回答,而应根据所提问的内容直接做出回答。
例如:—How tall are you? 你多高?
            —I'm 1.7 meters tall. 我1.7米高。 
            —How is your brother? 你弟弟好吗?
            —He's fine. 他很好。
            —Thanks   谢谢。
小贴士:问句中的名词在答语中常用代词来代替,如上句中的yourbrother由he来代替。一般来说,this和that指物常用it来代替;these和those指物或人时可以用they代替。
如:What's this? It's a book.
        What are these? They are books.
4、语调:
一般疑问句在朗读时应用升调,选择疑问句先升后降,而我们特殊疑问句在朗读时则用降调。


强调句的概念:

强调句 (The Emphatic Pattern) 是一种修辞,是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。通过各种方式对句子中的某个部分进行强调,从而起到修辞的作用。英语常用的强调结构有:It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+that/who...;what…be…句型;


强调句的使用:

一、强调句句型:
1、用It is/was...that/who...句型表示强调。
(1)陈述句的强调句型:It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其它部分。
e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.
(2)一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/was提到it前面。
e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?
(3)特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分?
e.g. When and where was it that you were born?
注:被强调的部分(通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语)放在is/was的后面,如被强调的是人,则后面可用who,whom等代替。
如:原句:He met an old friend in the park yesterday.  
        强调主语:It was he who/that met an old friend in the park yesterday.
        强调宾语:It was an old friend that/who he met in the park yesterday. 
        强调地点状语:It was in the park that he met an old friend yesterday. 
        强调时间状语:It was yesterday that he met an old friend in the park.
2、用助动词do, does或did来强调谓语动词。
如:Do come early. 
        He did send you a letter last week.
        We're pleased that she does intend to come.
3、用主语从句+be+被强调部分,主语从句常用what引导。
如:What John wants is a ball.
        What Mary does every day is(to) give piano lessons.  

二、not...until...句型的强调句:
1、句型为:It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分:
e.g. 普通句:He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back. 
       强调句:It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.
2、注意:此句型只用until,不用till。但如果不是强调句型,till, until可通用;
因为句型中It is/was not...已经是否定句了,that后面的从句要用肯定句,切勿再用否定句了。

三、谓语动词的强调:
1、It is/was...that...结构不能强调谓语,如果需要强调谓语时,用助动词do/does或did。
e.g. Do sit down.务必请坐。
      He did write to you last week. 上周他确实给你写了信。
      Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时,务必(千万)要小心啊!
2、注意:此种强调只用do/does和did,没有别的形式;过去时用did,后面的谓语动词用原形。 


使用强调句型有以下几点请注意:

①强调句的谓语is或was永远用单数。
如:It was yesterday that I met your father in the street.
②不管被强调部分是哪种状语,只能用that连接,不得使用where、when等连词。
如:It was in the street that I met your father yesterday.
③被强调部分为人时,可用who(主格或宾格)和whom(宾格)代替that,用that也行。
如:It was your father that/whom/who I met in the street yesterday.
        It was I that/who met your father in the street yesterday.
④强调句中也要注意主谓一致、人称一致和否定转移的问题。
如:It is they who are our friends.
        It was not until ten o'clock that we got home last night.
⑤注意不要混淆强调句和其他从句。It is/was...that...为强调句标志,去掉后仍可组成一个完整的句子,只是没被强调,而其他从句一般不具备这一特征。
比较:1)It was ten o'clock when we got home last night. 我们昨晚到家时已十点了。
            2)It was at ten o'clock that we got home last night. 我们昨晚是在十点到家的。
第一句不是强调句,when不可改为that,因为去掉it was和that后,只能组成“We got home ten o'clock last night.”这样一个不完整的句子;第二句是强调句,that不可改为when。


强调句型用法拓展:

1、句首词用“It”,不能用“This”,“That”等。
2、be动词的形式是is或was,不能用复数形式are或were。若原句的谓语动词用了现在时或将来时,则用is;
若原句的谓语动词用了过去时或过去完成时,则用was。
如:It___the Chinese women that___a great role in the socialist construction.
A. is; plays
B. are; play
C .is; play
D. are; plays
答案:C 
3、被强调的部分如果是代词,强调主语用主格,强调宾语用宾格。
如:It is him that/who/whom I met in the street yesterday.
        It is I who/that am wrong.
4、连接词一般用that,当强调部分是人时,既可用that也可用who。特别注意当强调部分是时间状语或地点状语时,不能用when或where。
如:It was on Oct1st, 1949 that People's Republic of China was founded.
        It was at the gate____he told me the news.  
        A. that
        B. what
        C. which
        D. when
答案:A
5、主谓一致问题被强调的主语要和that后面的谓语动词在数上保持一致。
如:It is Mary who often _____(help) me with my English. (helps)
        It is I that ____(be) against you. (am)
6、not...until结构的强调。
强调“not...until”引导的时间状语时,要用“it is/was not until...that...”结构,that后面的句子要用肯定式,且须用陈述句语序。 
如:We did not get off the bus until it stopped. ?
        It was not until it stopped that we got off the bus. (注意:强调该结构时not until不能分开)