______ is known to us all is that America is a developed country _____,高中二年级,英语试题,连接代词考点,现在分词考点,主语从句考点,好技网

单选题
______ is known to us all is that America is a developed country _____ the first world.

A. Which; belonging to
B. As; belonged to
C. What; belonging to
D. It; belonged to

本题信息：2009年0123期末题英语单选题难度一般来源:姜雪
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本试题 “______ is known to us all is that America is a developed country _____ the first world.A. Which; belonging toB. As; belonged toC. What; belonging t...” 主要考查您对
连接代词

现在分词

主语从句
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。

连接代词
现在分词
主语从句

连接代词的概念：

连接代词常用来引导一个主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，连接代词主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever等。

whatever, whoever, whichever 用法说明：

主要用于引导主语从句和宾语从句。
如：He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。
        Whoever breaks the rules will be punished.谁违反这些规则都将受到处罚。
        I'll give the ticket to whoever want sit. 请想要这票，我就把它给谁。
        Whichever team gains the most points wins. 哪个队得分最多，哪个队就赢。
注：其中的ever主要用于加强语气，含有“一切”、“任何”、“无论”之义。使用这类词时，注意不要按汉语习惯用错句子结构：
如：任何人(谁)先来都可以得到一张票。
误：Anyone comes first can get a ticket./ Who comes first can get a ticket.
正：Anyone who comes first can get a ticket./ Whoever comes first can get a ticket.

连接代词的用法：

1、连接代词主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever等，它们在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语等，可以引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句：
如：I don't know who he is. 我不知道他是谁。
       What he says sounds reasonable. 他说的话听起来很有道理。
       The question is who(m) we should trust. 问题是我们该信任谁。
       I'll take whoever wants to go. 谁想去我就带谁去。
       Take whichever seat you like? 你喜欢坐哪个座位就坐哪个？
       I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
注：who, whom, whoever等不用于名词前作定语。
2、what的两种用法。请看以下两个句子：
（1）I didn't know what he wanted. 我不知道他想要什么。
（2）I gave her what she wanted. 我给了她想要的一切。
上面第一句中的what表示“什么”，带有疑问的意味；第二句中的what表示“所…的一切事或东西”，其意义上大致相当于that(those) which, the thing(things) that, anything that, all that, as much as等，又如：
What[=That which] you say is quite true. 你说的完全是事实。
He saves what[=all that] he earns. 他赚多少，积蓄多少。
Call it what[=anything that] you please. 你喜欢叫它什么就叫它什么。
这样用的what有时还可后接一个名词：
如：He gave me what money[=all the money that] he had about him. 他把身边带有的钱全给了我。
        What friends[=All the friends that] he has are out of the country. 他所有的朋友都在国外。

连接代词知识体系：

whatever, whoever, whichever 用法说明：

现在分词的概念：

现在分词（PresentParticiple）(又称-ing形式)，是分词的一种，是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语）。一般式：doing；一般被动式：being done；完成式：having done；完成被动式：having been done。所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not。

现在分词的用法：

1）做表语：
如：He was very amusing.
        That book was rather boring.
很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语：exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
2）作定语：
上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语,修饰一个名词：
如：That must have been a terrifying experience.
        I found him a charming person.
现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词,相当于一个定语从句：
如：There are a few boys swimming in the river.
        There is a car waiting outside.
3）作状语：
现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作：
如：Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
        Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
        Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
现在分词短语还可以表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句：
如：Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.
        Being unemployed, he hasn't got much money.
现在分词短语还可以表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句：
如：Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
        Returning home, he began to do his homework.
        Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
        Be careful when crossing the road.
        Having found a hotel, we looked for some where to have dinner.
        Having finished her work, she went home.
4）作宾补：
现在分词在一些动词之后可以做宾语的补语：
例如：see, hear, catch, find, keep, have等。
如：I see him passing my house every day.
        I caught him stealing things in that shop.
        I smelt something burning.
        She kept him working all day.

现在分词其他用法解析：

1、现在分词一般式的用法：
现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生：
如：When we arrived, we found him sleeping. 我们到达时发现他在睡觉。
         Living in the 示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔：
如：Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note. 发现没有在家，他决定留个字条。
         He went home, finding the door locked. 他回到家，发现门是锁着的。当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时，现在分词通常位于句末。

2、现在分词完成式的用法：
现在分词的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作：
如：Having been there once, she knew the place quite well. 由于去过那儿一次，她对那地方很熟悉。
        Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again. 他已经失败了两次，不想再试了。
注：（1）现在分词的一般式和完成式均可表示已完成或先于谓语的动作，但有区别：现在分词所表示的动作虽然可以先于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔，而现在分词的完成式所表示先于谓语的动作则与谓语动作有一定的时间间隔：
如：Locking the door, he went out. 锁好门之后，他就出去了。
        Having invited him here to speak, we'd better go to his lecture. 既然我们请了他来作报告，我们最好去听一下。
有时即使是分词动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生，但如果要强调分词动作的完成性，也应用现在分词的完成式：
如：Having bought our tickets, we went into the theatre. 我们买好票后就走进剧场。
（2）现在分词的完成式一般不用作定语：
误：Do you know anyone having lost a cat? 你知道有谁丢了一只猫吗？
误：I want to talk to the person having broken the window. 我想同打破窗户的人谈谈。
若将以上现分词的完成式改为一般式也不可以（因为现在分词作后置定语时通常只表示与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生的动作，而不能先于谓语动作而发生）：
误：I want to talk to the person breaking the window.

3、现在分词被动式的用法：
当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：
（1）现在分词一般式的被动式：主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作：
如：Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?
         I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看见他被警察带走。
注：有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前（此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词）：
如：Not having a car, he finds it difficult to get around. 由于没车，她感到行动很困难。
（2）现在分词完成式的被动式：主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作。
如：The subject having been opened, he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。
        Having been written inhaste, the book has many mistakes. 这书因写得仓促，所以错误不少。
比较：Being so ill, she can't go to school. 由于病得那么严重，她不能去上学。
            Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。

主语从句的概念：

如果一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if和连接代词what，who，whichwhatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用。

主语从句用法：

1、主语从句的引导词：
主语从句通常由连词that和whether、连接代词或连接副词以及关系代词型what引导：
如：That he is still alive is a wonder. 他还活着，真是奇迹。
        When we arrive doesn't matter. 什么时候到没有关系。
        What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
        What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
        Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。

2、主语从句与形式主语it：
有时为了考虑句子平衡，通常在主语从句处使用形式主语it，而将真正的主语从句移至句末。这分三种情况：
(1)对于以连词that引导的主语从句，通常用形式主语代主语从句：
如：It's a pity that he didn't come. 很遗憾他没来。
(2)对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句，可以使用形式主语代主语从句，也可直接在句首使用主语从句：
如：Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
        It was a problem whether they would support us. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。
(3)对关系代词型what引导的主语从句，通常不用形式主语，总是主语从句放在句首：
如：What we need is money. 我们需要的是钱。
        What I want to know is this. 我想知道的就是这一点。
(4)如果句子是疑问句，则必须用带形式主语it的结构：
如：Is it true that he is the girl's father? 他是那女孩的父亲，是真的吗？
        How is it that you are late again? 你怎么又迟到了？

3、连词that的省略问题：
引导主语从句的连词that有时可省，有时不能省，其原则是：
若that引导的主语从句直接位于句首，则that不能省略；
若that引导的主语从句位于句末，而在句首使用了形式主语it，则that则可以省略：
如：That you didn't go to the talk was a pity. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that不可省)
        It was a pity(that) you didn't go to the talk. 很遗憾你没去听报告。(that可省)

主语从句应注意的几个问题：

1、that引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾，但在下列情况下that从句不可提前。
（1）在It is said/reported...that结构中：
如：It is reported that a bank was robbed yesterday.
（2）在Ithappened/occurred...结构中：
Ithappenedthattheteacherwasnotintheofficethatday.
（3）含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时：
如：Is it ture that you will give up the job?
2、下面这种情况常用it作形式主语。在It doesn't matter+what/whatever…结构中。
如：It doesn't matter what you say.
3、由what引导的主语从句谓语动词单复数问题 what引导的主语从句一般按单数对待，但是，在实际使用中究竟按单数还是按复数对取决于其成分的含义。
如：What we need is more time.
What were left behind were five empty bottles.

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