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高中三年级英语

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    (1)The British summer is extremely beautiful.Trees,flowers,birds and butterflies make the whole country like a big garden.However,many British people have noticed that butterflies have been gradually disappearing from this picturesque scenery during the past several years.What has happened to them?
    (2)Butterfly Conservation,a charity in the UK,is running a survey to help answer this question.The result is more serious than people expected.According to the survey,among 59 butterfly species found in Britain,more than three quarters of them are suffering a declining population, including the most popular ones.What’s more,half of all butterfly species are in the danger of dying out.Some common species such as the small Tortoiseshell butterfly and the Wall butterfly are dropping dramatically.The latter cannot even be seen in many parts of central and southern England.The Blue butterfly was commonly seen in the south.However,it has started colonizing (迁徙至)Edinburgh in the past few years.
    (3)The numbers of butterflies have dropped to a record low in the past three years largely because the summer in the UK is getting cooler and their habitat is also worsening.Fortunately Britain is experiencing a long hot summer this year compared to the last few summers.Conservationists believe the warm weather will bring some benefit to the butterflies.
    (4)Sir David Attenborough,president of Butterfly Conservation,said:“Large quantities of butterflies tell us that all is well with nature.When they decline it’s a warning that other wildlife will be soon           .”
    (5)The survey is still going on.The public are also encouraged to keep track of the UK’s    butterfly population.The organizers hope the survey will help raise public awareness of the value of butterflies in the UK.Butterflies give an indication of the well-being of nature and the environment.
    小题1:What is the best title of the passage?(no more than 10 words)
                                                                                  
    小题2:List two reasons for butterflies’ reduction in number.(no more than 10 words)
                                  
    小题3:Complete the following statement with proper words.(no more than 4 words)
    But a large number of British people have realized that butterflies         from the beautiful scenery since a few years ago.
    小题4:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words.(no more than 5 words)
    小题5:What does the underlined word “them”(paragraph 2)probably refer to?(no more than 4 words)

    本题信息:英语完形填空难度一般 来源:未知
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本试题 “(1)The British summer is extremely beautiful.Trees,flowers,birds and butterflies make the whole country like a big garden.However,many Briti...” 主要考查您对

缩写与简写

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  • 缩写与简写

缩写与简写的概念:

用单词首尾字母组成一个新词的英语构词法叫做首尾字母缩略法。这种形式的英语构词生成的新词,读音主要有两种形式,即各字母分别读音;作为一个单词读音。
如:Foreign Language Teaching Agency→FLTA上海外教网
        Testing of English as a Foreign Language→TOEFL托福
        Teach English as a Foreign Language→TEFL
        Teach English as a Second Language→TESL
        Graduate Record Examination→GRE美国研究生入学考试


缩写的几种类型:

1、单词缩写应省略在辅音之后,元音之前:
英文单词缩写一般以辅音结尾,而不以元音结尾。如American省略为Am,而不省略为Ame或Amer,Medicine或Medical缩写为Med,European缩写为Eur等。但Science例外,缩写为Sci,可能是因为元音I之后又是元音E的缘故。缩写刊名每个词首字母必须大写,而不可全部都用大写或小写。
2、压缩字母法:
仅个别单词采用压缩字母方式缩写。
如:Japanese缩写为Jpn而不是Jan
        National应缩写为Natl而不是Nat
经常有读者将Japanese写成Jan是参考文献著录中常见的错误。
如:Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology,应缩写为JpnJOphthalmol,National Cancer Institute Research Report缩写为NatlCancerInstResRep。而Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写,如:NatureMedicine, Naturebiotechnology分别缩写为NatMed, NatBiotechnol。
另外CN是中国的国别代码,期刊缩写刊名中,ChinaChinese不得缩写为CN,而应缩写为Chin.采用压缩写法是为了避免与其他常用缩写混淆。
如:Japanese不能缩写为Jan,可能是Jan是January的固定缩写形式,National缩写为Natl而不缩写为Nat,可能是Nat是Nature和Natural的缩写。
3、学科名称缩写:
刊名中学科名称缩写很常见,因而了解学科名缩写规则非常必要。凡以-ogy结尾的单词,一律将词尾-ogy去掉,如Cardiology缩写为Cariol,Biology缩写为Biol,以-ics结尾的学科名词,缩写时将-ics或连同其前面若干字母略去。如:Physics缩写为Phys。以-try结尾的词,缩写时将-try连同前面若干字母略去。如:chemistry缩写为Chem。其中也包括其他形容词的缩写。
4、刊名中常用词和特殊单词的缩写:
期刊名中有些常用单词可以缩写为一个字母。
如:Journal缩写为J
        Quarterly缩写为Q
        Royal缩写为R
        New缩写为N
        South缩写为S
5、刊名首字母组合:
有些杂志名称缩写采用首字母组合,而且已被固定下来,一般都是国际上有较大影响的期刊,并得到国际上众多索引性检索工具的认同。
如:The Journal of American Medical Association缩写为JAMA, British Medical Journal缩写为BMJ等。
6、国家名称的缩写:
刊名中国家名称的缩写分为两种情况。如国家名称为单个词汇,缩写时常略去词尾或词的后部分若干字母。
如:American缩写为Am
        British缩写为Br
        Chinese缩写为Chin
而国家名称由多个词组组成时,常取每个词的首字母,如United States of America 缩写为USA或US。
7、虚词一律省略:
有许多虚词,如the, of, for, and, on, from, to等,在缩写时均省去。
如:Journal of chemistry缩写为J chem
       Archives of Medical Research缩写为Arch Med Res