Just as the candidate ____ to deliver his campaign speech _____he was ,高中二年级,英语试题,并列连词考点,动词短语考点,好技网

单选题
Just as the candidate ____ to deliver his campaign speech _____he was informed that his qualification
had been can celed.
[ ]

A. was about; when
B. was going to; when
C. would; when
D. was on the point; as

本题信息：2011年同步题英语单选题难度一般来源:姜雪
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本试题 “Just as the candidate ____ to deliver his campaign speech _____he was informed that his qualificationhad been can celed.[ ]A. was about; whenB. was...” 主要考查您对
并列连词

动词短语
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并列连词
动词短语

并列连词的概念：

连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。如：and, but, or, nor, so, therefore, yet, however, for, hence, as well as, both...and, notonly...butalso, either...or, neither...nor, (and)then 等等。

并列连词与并列结构：

并列连词引导两个并列的句子。
1）and与or：
判断改错：
(错) They sat down and talk about something.
(错) They started to dance and sang.
(错) I saw two men sitting behind and whisper there.
(对) They sat down and talked about something.
(对) They started to dance and sing.
(对) I saw two men sitting behind and whispering there.
解析：第一句：and连接两个并列的谓语，所以talk应改为talked。
            第二句：and连接两个并列的动词不定式，第二个不定式往往省略to，因此sang应改为sing。
            第三句：and连接感观动词saw后面的用作的宾补的两个并列分词结构，因此whisper应改为whispering。
注意：and还可以和祈使句或名词词组连用表示条件。（or也有此用法）
如：Make up your mind, and you'll get the chance.=If you make up your mind, you'll get the chance.
        One more effort, and you'll succeed.=If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.
2）both...and 两者都
如：She plays(both) the piano and the guitar.
3）not only...but(also), as well as 不但…而且
如：She plays not only the piano, but(also) the guitar.
注意：not only…but also关联两个分句时，一个分句因有否定词not而必须倒装。
如：Not only does he like reading stories, but also he can even write some.
4）neither...nor 意思为“既不……也不……”谓语动词采用就近原则，与nor后的词保持一致。
如：Neither you nor he is to blame.

比较so和such ：

so与such的用法由不同词性决定。such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much，little连用，形成固定搭配。
构成：so+adj.
            such+a(n)+n.
            so+adj.+a(n)+n.
            such+n.(pl.)
            so+adj.+n.(pl.)
            such+n.(pl.)
            so+adj.+n.[不可数]
            such+n.[不可数]
如：so foolish
       such a fool
        so nice a flower
        such a nice flower
        so many/few flowers
        such nice flowers
       so much/ little money.
        such rapid progress
        so many people
        such a lot of people
注：so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 虽相当于many，但a lot of为名词性的，只能用such搭配。 so...that与such...that之间的转换既为so与such之间的转换。

并列连词用法点拨：

1、表示并列关系：
1）or意思为“否则”。
如：I must work hard, or I'll fail in the exam.
2）either...or意思为“或者……或者……”。注意谓语动词采用就近原则。
如：Either you or I am right.
2、表示转折或对比关系：
1）but表示转折，while表示对比。
如：Some people love cats, while others hate them.
典型例题：
—Would you like to come to dinner tonight?
—I'd like to, ___ I'm too busy.
    A. and
    B. so
    C. as
    D. but
答案：D。but与前面形成转折，符合语意。而表并列的and，结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
2）not...but...意思为“不是……而是……” not和but后面的用词要遵循一致原则。
如：They were not the bones of an animal, but(the bones) of a human being.
3、表示原因关系：
1）for 判断改错：
（错）For he is ill, he is absent today.
（对）He is absent today, for he is ill. for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。

并列连词知识体系：

种类	用法	举例

并列连词	表示转折关系	yet, but等
	表示并列关系	and, or, either...or..., as welll as等
	表示因果关系	for, so等

比较and和or的用法：

1）并列结构中，or通常用于否定句，and用于肯定句。
2）但有时and也可用于否定句。请注意其不同特点：
如：There is no air or water in the moon.
There is no air and no water on the moon.
在否定中并列结构用or连接，但含有两个否定词的句子实际被看作是肯定结构，因此要用and。

典型例题：
—I don't like chicken___fish.
—I don't like chicken, ___I like fish very much.
A. and；and
B. and；but
C. or；but
D. or；and
答案：C。否定句中表并列用or,but表转折。
判断改错：
（错）We will die without air and water.
（错）We can't live without air or water.
（对）We will die without air or water.
（对）We can't live without air and water.

动词短语的概念：

动词常和某些其他词类用在一起，构成固定词组，形成所谓短语动词(phrasalverb)。和动词一样，短语动词也可分为及物和不及物两种。短语动词可以作为一个整体看待，同一般动词一样使用。

动词短语的搭配类型：

1）动词+介词：
这类短语动词用作及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
如：The small boy insisted on going with his parents. 那男孩坚持要跟父母一起去。
        Do you often listen to broadcasts in English? 你常听英语广播吗?
        Look at the children. Aren't they lovely? 看着这些孩子们。他们多么可爱呀!
        We stand for self-reliance. 我们是主张自力更生的。
这一类的短语动词还有很多，如depend on(upon)(依靠)，wait on(服侍)，look for(寻找)，deal with(对待)，look after(照料)，wait for(等待)等。
2）动词+副词：
这类短语动词有的用作及物动词，有的用作不及物动词。
如：I always get up as soon as the bell rings. 我总是一打铃就起床。(不及物)
        Look out, there's a car coming! 当心，来汽车了!(不及物)
        Have you handed in your exercises already? 你已经交练习了吗?(及物)
        Please don't forget to put on your coat, it's cold outside. 请不要忘记穿外衣，外面很冷。(及物)
这一类的短语动词还有很多，及物如put out(扑灭)，eat up(吃光)，put down(放下)；不及物如set off(出发)，come up(走近)，go on(继续)。
注："动词+副词"这类短语动词和上面第一类"动词+介词"的不同之处在于："动词+介词"用作及物动词，后面须跟宾语。"动词+副词"则有的及物，有的不及物；用作及物动词而宾语为人称代词或自身代词时，副词往往放在宾语之后。
如：Please wake me up at five tomorrow. 请在明天早上五点唤醒我。
        If you have done your exercises, please hand them in. 如果你们练习做完了请交来。
        She doesn't normally behave like that, she's putting it on. 她通常并不如此表现，她是装出来的。
注：这类短语动词有不少可兼作及物和不及物动词用。
如：He took off his hat when he entered the office. 他进办公室后脱下帽子。(及物)
        The plane took off at seven sharp. 飞机在七点整起飞。(不及物)
        Charlie rang up Neil to ask about the time of the meeting. 查理打电话给尼尔问开会的时间。(及物)
        If you can't come, please ring up and let us know. 你如来不了，请来电话告诉我们一声。(不及物)
3）动词+副词+介词：
"动词+副词"之后有的可以再加一个介词，形成另一种短语动词。这类短语动词用作及物动词。
如：Do not give up hope. We must go on with the experiment 不要失望。我们必须继续试验。(go on with继续)
        He came up to me. 他走到我跟前。(come up to走近)
这类短语动词还有：look down upon(看不起)，do away with(去掉)，put up with(忍受)等。
4）动词+名词+介词：
这类短语动词也是及物的。
如：He shook hands with all the guests at the banquet. 他在宴会上和宾客一一握手。
        Young pioneers often come to the Children's Palace to take part in after school activities.少先队员经常到少年宫来参加课外活动。
        Pay attention to the temperature of the stored rice. 注意仓库里的稻谷的温度。
        Her job is taking care of the babies. 她的工作是照顾婴儿。
这一类短语动词还有：put an end to(结束)，take notice of(注意)，catch hold of(抓住)，lose sight of(看不见)，make use of(利用)等。

动词短语知识体系：

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