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Some countries have large numbers of earthquakes. Japan is one of them. One of the most serious
earthquakes in world history took place in Japan in 1923. The shock and fires caused by it destroyed
much of Tokyo and Yokohama and left more than 7000 dead. Other countries do not have many. For
examples, there are few earthquakes in Britain, France, Germany.
There is often a great noise during an earthquake, but it is not always. The earth rocks. Houses fall
down. Railway lines are broken. Sometimes many people are killed in an earthquake. People think earthquakes
often happen near volcanoes (火山), but this is not always true. The centers of some are under the sea.
The bottom of the sea suddenly moves. The powerful forces inside the earth break the rocks. The coast
is rocking and great waves are caused there. These waves travel long distances and rush over the land
when they reach it. They are strong enough to break down houses and other buildings; sometimes they
break more buildings than earthquake itself.
What kind of building stands up best in an earthquake? A building with concrete (水泥) walls is perhaps
the best. A steel frame (框架) will make it even stronger. The frame holds the different parts together and
the walls do not easily fall. There is less chance of fire because concrete and steel (钢材) does not burn.
This kind of building is the safest. Today modern concrete and steel apartment buildings are commonly
seen in cities of Japan.
1. Why do we say that an earthquake is terrible?
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2. What kind of building is the safest for us to live in against earthquakes?
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3. Which country has the largest number of earthquakes, Britain, Japan, or France?
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4. 判断正误：正确的在括号里写T，错误写F。
(     ) The text mainly tells us how to protect ourselves when the earthquake happens.
5. Put the underlined sentences into Chinese.
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