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高中三年级英语

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    One topic is rarely mentioned in all the talk of improving standards in our schools: the almost complete failure of foreign-language teaching. As a French graduate who has taught for more than twenty-five years, I believe I have some idea of why the failure is so total.  21  the faults already found out in the education system as a whole — such as child-centred learning, the “discovery” method, and the low expectations by teachers of pupils — there have been several serious  22  which have a direct effect on language teaching.
    The first is the removal from the curriculum (课程) of the thorough teaching of English  23 . Pupils now do not know a verb from a noun, the subject of a sentence from its object, or the difference between the past, present, or future.
    Another important error is mixed-ability teaching, or teaching in ability groups so  24  that the most able groups are  25  and are bored while the least able are lost and  26  bored. Strangely enough, few head teachers seem to be in favour of mixed-ability school football teams.
    Progress depends on memory, and pupils start to forget immediately they stop having 27  lessons. This is why many people who attended French lessons at school, even those who got good grades, have  28  it a few years later. Because they never need it, they do not practice it.
    Most American schools have accepted what is inevitable and  29  modern languages, even Spanish, from the curriculum. Perhaps it is time for Britain to do the same, and stop  30  resources on a subject which few pupils want or need.
    21. A. Due to                 B. In addition to       C. Instead of            D. In spite of
    22. A. errors                  B. situations             C. systems               D. methods
    23. A. vocabulary           B. culture                C. grammar             D. literature
    24. A. wide                    B. similar                C. separate               D. unique
    25. A. kept out               B. turned down        C. held back            D. left behind
    26. A. surprisingly          B. individually         C. equally                D. hardly
    27. A. extra                   B. traditional           C. basic                   D. regular
    28. A. needed                 B. forgotten             C. practised             D. left
    29. A. restored               B. absorbed             C. prohibited           D. withdrawn
    30. A. wasting                B. focusing              C. exploiting            D. sharing

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序数词

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  • 序数词

序数词的概念:

表示顺序的数称为序数词。如:first, second, third, fourth。


序数词的构成与用法

1、序数词的构成:
①一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾th构成。
   例:four+th→fourth
           six+th→sixth
           seven+th→seventh
           ten+th→tenth
②下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。
例:one→first
        two→second
        three→third
        five→fifth
        eight→eighth
        nine→ninth
        twelve→twelfth
③十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词y变成i,然后再加eth。
例:twenty→twentieth
        thirty→thirtieth
        forty→fortieth
        ninety→ninetieth
④两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。
例:twenty-one→twenty-first
        thirty-five→thirty-fifth
        a hundred and fifty-three→a hundred and fifty-third

2、序数词的用法:
①序数词在使用时,一般加上定冠词。
例:the first book
        the second floor
        the third day
        the fourth week.
②序数词在多数情况下都用作定语,有的也可以作表语、主语和宾语。
例:The may1st is Labour Day. 五月一日是劳动节。
        My room is on the second floor. 我的房间在二楼。
        The first is larger than the secon.(主语)第一个比第二个大。
        Read the book from the first.(宾语)从开头读这本书。
        You'll be the sixth to write.(表语)你将是第六个写的。
③序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词,用来表示“再一”,“又一”的意思。
例:You may have a third try. 你可以第三次尝试。


序数词知识体系:

 


约数的表达方法

用tens/dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions of 表示“几十、几百、上千、成千上万”等。
如:The boy bought dozens of pencils.            
        Thousands of people died in the earthquake.
注意: (A):dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million等表示确切数量时,不用复数。
如:five dozen (of) eggs   五打鸡蛋
        hree hundred people  三百个人

分数词的构成和用法:

1)分数词构成法:
分数词(FractionalNumerals)由基数词和序数词构成,基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。除了分子为1的情况下,序数词都要用复数形式:
如:1/4:one-fourth
        5/9:five-ninths
        2/3:two-thirds
       17/5:three and two-fifths
       7/12:seven-twelfths
       379/8:forty-seven and three-eighths
此外还有下面表示法:
如:1/2:a(one) half
        1/4:a(one) quarter
        3/4:three-quarters
        9/4:two and a quarter
        3/2:one and half
        31/4:seven and three quarters


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