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小学五年级英语

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  • 单选题
    I have a friend ____________ Mary.
    [     ]

    A. name
    B. named
    C. to name
    本题信息:2011年期末题英语单选题难度一般 来源:李春伟
  • 本题答案
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本试题 “I have a friend ____________ Mary.[ ]A. nameB. namedC. to name” 主要考查您对

被动语态

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 被动语态
语态:
是动词的一种形式,它表示主语和谓语的关系。
语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。
如果主语是动作的执行者,或者是说动作是由主语完成的,要用主动语态;
如果主语是动作的承受者,或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的,则用被动语态。
例:Danny’s head is stuck. 丹尼的头被粘住了。

被动语态的基本结构:
 主语+be +过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)
① 一般现在时:am/is/are+过去分词
如:Trees are planted every year.
② 现在进行时 am/is/are+ being +过去分词
如:The road is being repaired.  
③ 现在完成时 have/has + been +过去分词
如:The work has been finished.
④ 一般过去时 was/were + 过去分词
如:The story was told by him.
Many birds were killed last year.
⑤过去进行时 was/were+ being + 过去分词
如:The new house was being painted when I got home.
⑥过去完成时 had +been+ 过去分词
如: He told me that the work had been finished.
⑦一般将来时  will +be + 过去分词
如: The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
⑧ 过去将来时 would/should +be +过去分词
如:He said that the Christmas tree would be put up soon.
⑨情态动词的被动语态
情态动词+ be +过去分词    
如:The problem must be solved soon.
Children should be taught to love animals.


被动语态关注点:
1. 不及物动词无被动语态。
如:happen, break down, come out......
  What will happen in 100 years.
  The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago.
2. 有些动词用主动形式表示被动意义。
如:write, sell, ride.....
  This pen writes well.
  This new book sells well.
3. 感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的动词不定式,主动语态中不带“to”,但变为被动语态时,须加上“to”。
例:make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something
  see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
  A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
  The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改为被动语态时,直接宾语(物)作主语,那么动词后要用介词,这个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定。
  He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him.
  He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him.
  My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father.
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时,动词短语应当看作一个整体,而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。
  We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us.
  He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
  The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.
  构成
  be+done.


主动句变为被动句4步骤:
1、把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语
2、把动词变为被动形式即be +过去分词,并注意其人称和数随主语的变化,而动词的时态则保持不变。
3、原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现(注代词的宾格),如不需要则可省略。
4、其它的成分(定语、状语)不变。
被动语态各时态构成表:

TENSE

主动语态

被动语态

一般现在时

be+V.V.s

amisare+(p.p)

一般将来时

willegoingtoe(about)to+V.

willbe+(p.p)

现在进行时

amisare+V.ing

amisare+being+(p.p)

一般过去时

①waswere②V.ed

waswere+(p.p)

现在完成时

havehas+V.p.p

havehas+been+(p.p)

过去完成时

had+V.p.p

had+been+(p.p)

过去进行时

waswere+V.ing

waswere+being+(p.p)

情态动词

情态动词+V.

情态动词+be+(p.p)