One of the customs officers, who was watching the arrivals very ______,高中二年级,英语试题,副词考点,现在分词考点,好技网

单选题
One of the customs officers, who was watching the arrivals very ______, saw feathers ______ from under
a woman's coat.
[ ]

A. closely; falling
B. close; fall
C. closely; fall
D. close; falling

本题信息：2011年0118月考题英语单选题难度一般来源:姜雪
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本试题 “One of the customs officers, who was watching the arrivals very ______, saw feathers ______ from undera woman's coat.[ ]A. closely; fallingB. close...” 主要考查您对
副词

现在分词
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副词
现在分词

副词的概念：

副词是指在句子中表示行为或状态特征的词，用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、介词短语、非谓语动词乃至整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

副词的位置：

1）在动词之前。
2）在be动词、助动词之后。
3）多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。
如：We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。
如：He speaks English well.

副词的排列顺序：

1）时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
2）方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
如：Please write slowly and carefully.
3）多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。
注意：副词very可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
改错：（错）I very like English.
            （对）I like English very much.
注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
如：I don't know him well enough.
        There is enough food for everyone to eat.
        There is food enough for everyone to eat.

兼有两种形式的副词：

1）close与closely：
     close意思是“近”；closely意思是“仔细地”。
      如： He is sitting close to me.
               Watch him closely.
2）late与lately：
      late意思是"晚"；lately意思是“最近” 。
      如：You have come too late.
              What have you been doing lately?
3）deep与deeply：
      deep意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，“深深地” 。
      如：He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
              Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4）high与highly：
     high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。
      如：The plane was flying high.
              I think highly of your opinion.
5）wide与widely：
     wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是“广泛地”，“在许多地方”。
      如：He opened the door wide.
              English is widely used in the world.
6）free与freely：
     free的意思是“免费”；freely的意思是“无限制地”。
      如：You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
              You may speak freely, say what you like.

副词知识体系：

现在分词的概念：

现在分词（PresentParticiple）(又称-ing形式)，是分词的一种，是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语）。一般式：doing；一般被动式：being done；完成式：having done；完成被动式：having been done。所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not。

现在分词的用法：

1）做表语：
如：He was very amusing.
        That book was rather boring.
很多动词的现在分词都可以作表语：exciting, interesting, encouraging, disappointing, confusing, touching, puzzling.
2）作定语：
上面所出现的现在分词都可以用作定语,修饰一个名词：
如：That must have been a terrifying experience.
        I found him a charming person.
现在分词短语还可以放在名词的后面修饰名词,相当于一个定语从句：
如：There are a few boys swimming in the river.
        There is a car waiting outside.
3）作状语：
现在分词短语可以表示一个同时发生的次要的或伴随的动作：
如：Following Tom, we started to climb the mountain.
        Opening the drawer, he took out a box.
        Taking a key out of his pocket, he opened the door.
现在分词短语还可以表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句：
如：Not knowing her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.
        Being unemployed, he hasn't got much money.
现在分词短语还可以表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句：
如：Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
        Returning home, he began to do his homework.
        Jim hurt his arm while playing tennis.
        Be careful when crossing the road.
        Having found a hotel, we looked for some where to have dinner.
        Having finished her work, she went home.
4）作宾补：
现在分词在一些动词之后可以做宾语的补语：
例如：see, hear, catch, find, keep, have等。
如：I see him passing my house every day.
        I caught him stealing things in that shop.
        I smelt something burning.
        She kept him working all day.

现在分词其他用法解析：

1、现在分词一般式的用法：
现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生：
如：When we arrived, we found him sleeping. 我们到达时发现他在睡觉。
         Living in the 示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔：
如：Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note. 发现没有在家，他决定留个字条。
         He went home, finding the door locked. 他回到家，发现门是锁着的。当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时，现在分词通常位于句末。

2、现在分词完成式的用法：
现在分词的完成式主要表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作：
如：Having been there once, she knew the place quite well. 由于去过那儿一次，她对那地方很熟悉。
        Having failed twice, he didn't want to try again. 他已经失败了两次，不想再试了。
注：（1）现在分词的一般式和完成式均可表示已完成或先于谓语的动作，但有区别：现在分词所表示的动作虽然可以先于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔，而现在分词的完成式所表示先于谓语的动作则与谓语动作有一定的时间间隔：
如：Locking the door, he went out. 锁好门之后，他就出去了。
        Having invited him here to speak, we'd better go to his lecture. 既然我们请了他来作报告，我们最好去听一下。
有时即使是分词动作与谓语动作几乎同时发生，但如果要强调分词动作的完成性，也应用现在分词的完成式：
如：Having bought our tickets, we went into the theatre. 我们买好票后就走进剧场。
（2）现在分词的完成式一般不用作定语：
误：Do you know anyone having lost a cat? 你知道有谁丢了一只猫吗？
误：I want to talk to the person having broken the window. 我想同打破窗户的人谈谈。
若将以上现分词的完成式改为一般式也不可以（因为现在分词作后置定语时通常只表示与谓语动作同时或几乎同时发生的动作，而不能先于谓语动作而发生）：
误：I want to talk to the person breaking the window.

3、现在分词被动式的用法：
当要表示一个被动动作时，现在分词就用被动形式。现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式：
（1）现在分词一般式的被动式：主要表示现在正在进行的动作，也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作：
如：Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?
         I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看见他被警察带走。
注：有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前（此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因，且多为状态动词）：
如：Not having a car, he finds it difficult to get around. 由于没车，她感到行动很困难。
（2）现在分词完成式的被动式：主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作。
如：The subject having been opened, he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了，他不得不谈下去。
        Having been written inhaste, the book has many mistakes. 这书因写得仓促，所以错误不少。
比较：Being so ill, she can't go to school. 由于病得那么严重，她不能去上学。
            Having been ill for a long time, he needed time to recover. 由于病了很长时间，他需要一段恢复的时间。

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