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There are about 80.000.000 mines under the ground in more than 60 countries. It is difficult and dangerous
to clear these mines. About 50 people including many children were killed or hurt each day. In 2003, APOPO,
a Duch research company that trains the animals, came up with the idea of using rats to search for the mines.
The animal trainers found that a kind of rats from Africa were clever and had a sharp sense of smell. The
rats were about 75 cm long and weighted about 1.35 kg. light enough to run across a minefield without setting
off the mines.
In January 2004, the APOPO startec this preject. First, the trainers let the 4-week-old baby rats get familier
with humans. A few weeks later, the rats were no longer afraid of people and the things around them. Then they
were trained to connect a click sound with food. After the rats had learned that, the trainers then taught them to
tell the different between the smell of mines and other smells.When the rats could do it, the click was sounded
and they were given a bit of bananas. The method was called clicker training. "The training isn't easy." said the
trainer Adulish Mebomvu. "You have to be patient.Sometimes I get angry,but then again.I tell myself these are
animals."
After nine months' training, the rats were taken to 4 minefield. They ran across the minefield, stopped, sat
and searched the ground to tell the deminers that they smelt out a mine. Then the mine was cleared.It had taken
two deminers a day to clear a 200 m2 minefield. But with the help of two rats they could finish it in two hours.
The rats and the deminers saved thousands of lives. "The rats did this job much better than we expected. So
far they have helpde to make almost 2.000.000 m2 of land safe. They are heroes." said Bart Woetjcds, the head
of the APOPO.
1. The APOPO trained the rats to search for _____.
A. children
B. animals
C. minea
D. bananas
2. While training the rats,the trainers have to be _____.
A. patient
B. clever
C. brave
D. serious
3. How long did the training last?
A.Two hours
B. One day
C. Four weeks
D. Nine month
4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE acorrding to the passage?
A. Each day about 200 people were killed or hurt by minea.
B. The APOPO started to train the rats is January 2004.
C. The trainers gave the rats food after they smelt out a mine.
D. The rats and the deminres saved thousands of livers.

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