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高中二年级英语

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  • 单选题
           you did ?
    — No, in fact, I didn't need to.
    [     ]

    A. What is that
    B. That is what
    C. Is that what
    D. Is what that
    本题信息:2012年同步题英语单选题难度一般 来源:张连飘(高中英语)
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本试题 “— you did ?— No, in fact, I didn't need to.[ ]A. What is thatB. That is whatC. Is that whatD. Is what that” 主要考查您对

疑问代词

表语从句

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 疑问代词
  • 表语从句

疑问代词的概念:

疑问代词用来引导特殊疑问句,放在句首,句子一般读降调。疑问代词还可以引导从句,疑问代词全部属于第三人称,一般为单数,有时也代表复数。
疑问代词有who,whom,whose,what 和 which。


疑问代词的用法:

疑问代词(who, whom, whose, which, what 等)在句中可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
如:Who is your English teacher? 你们的英语老师是谁?
        Whose is this umbrella? 这伞是谁的?
        Whose umbrella is this? 这是谁的伞?
        What question did heask? 他问了什么问题?
        Which do you prefer, tea or coffee? 茶和咖啡,你喜欢那样?
注:who和whom只用作主语、宾语和表语,不用作定语,what, which, whose则既可用作主语、宾语和表语,也可用作定语。


两组疑问代词的用法比较:

1、who与whom:
前者为主格,用作主语,后者为宾格,用作宾格。 
如:Who spoke at the meeting? 谁在会上发言了? 
        Whomareyoutalkingabout? 你们在谈论谁?但是,当用作宾语的whom位于句首时,通常可用who代之。
        Who(m) is the letter from? 这信是谁寄来的?若是紧跟在介词之后用作宾语,则只能用whom。

2、what,which与who:
①若后接名词(即用作限定词),只用which和what,不能用who。
如:Which/What train did you come on? 你是坐哪次火车来的?
What和which的区别是:
当选择的范围较小或比较明确时,多用which;当选择的范围较较大或不明确时,多用what:
Which color do you like, red, black or white? 红色、黑色和白色,你喜欢哪种? 
What color is your car?你的汽车是什么颜色的?
但是,若指人,即使选择的范围不明确,也多which: 
 Which [What] writers do you like? 你喜欢哪些作家?
②若其后不接名词(即用作代词),三者均可用,which和what的用法区别可参见上面的分析。
至于who,它一般只用来指人(用作代词的which不用于指人),不管选择范围大还是小、明确还是不明确均可用。 如:
Who won? Tom or Mike? 谁赢了,是汤姆还是迈克?
Who is your favorite poet? 你最喜欢的诗人是谁? 
当选择范围比较明确且用作宾语时,who也可用which或whichone代之。如:
Who[Which/Whichone]do you like better, your father or your mother? 你更喜欢谁,父亲还是母亲?
③由于what和who的选择范围可以很大或不明确,所以其后可以跟else,表示其他的人(或事物),但却通常不跟表示特定范围的of短语;
而which的选择范围相对比较小或明确,所以其后一般不接else,却常与表特定范围的of短语连用:
Who(What)elsedidyouseethere?你在那儿还看到了别人的什么人(什么东西)?
Which of the three girls is the oldest? 这三个女孩中哪个年纪最大?
④另外,比较以下两句:
"Who is he?" 他是谁?(who指姓名、关系等) 
What is he? 他是干什么的?(what指职业、地位等)


两个疑问词同用的情况:

1、Where and when were you born? 你出生在何时何地?
2、When and how did he go there? 他是什么时候、怎么去那儿的?
3、"Where is it?" "Where is what?"“它在哪儿?”“什么在哪儿?”

疑问代词知识体系:

 


两类易混句型的区别:

What do you think he wants? 你认为他想要什么?
Do you know what he wants? 你知道他想要什么吗?
上面第一句为特殊疑问句,第二句为一般疑问句,它们不能倒过来说成 Do you think what he wants? What do you know he wants?其原则区别是:
可以用yes或no回答者,用一般疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句中,即主句之后),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有know, hear, ask, tell 等;
不能用yes或no回答者,用特殊疑问句的形式(疑问词放在句首),适合这类句型的主句动词通常有think, believe, suppose, guess 等。
如:Where do you suppose he has gone? 你认为他去什么地方了? 
        Did you ask why he had left so soon? 你问过他为什么那么快就离开了吗?


表语从句的概念:

用作表语的从句叫作表语从句,它位于主句中的连系动词之后。引导表语从句的词有
从属连词that、whether、as though(if);
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等;
关系副词when, where, why, how, however, when。


表语从句用法:

1、表语从句的引导词:
引导表语从句的词有连词that, whether,连接代词和连接副词,关系代词型what,以及as if,as though,because等连词:
如:The fact is that he doesn't really try. 事实是他没有做真正的努力。
        The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 问题是这部电影是否值得看。
        The problem is how we can find him. 问题是我们如何找到他。
        That was when I was fifteen. 这是我15岁时发生的事。 
        It isn't as if you were going away for ever. 又不是你离开不回来了。
        It is because I love you too much. 那是因为我太爱你了。
:whether可此导表语从句,但与之同义的if 却通常不用于引导表语从句;because可引导表语从句,但与之同义的since, as, for等也不用于引导表语从句。

2、连词that的省略问题引导表语从句的that通常不省略,但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略:
如:My idea is(that) we should do it right away. 我的意见是我们应该马上干。
        The trouble is(that) he is ill. 糟糕的


表语从句用法拓展:

名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句,表语从句只能置于主句之后,而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
例如:The problem is how we can get the things we need. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)   
            The scissors are not what I need. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what在表语从句中充当宾语)   
            What I told him was that I would find him a good play.
            我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语,that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分,不能省略)   
            That is what I want to tell you. 那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)   
            That is why she failed to pass the exam. 那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)
注意:“That is why...”是常用句型,意为“这就是……的原因/因此……”,其中why引导的名词性从句在句中作表语,该句型通常用于针对前面已经说明过的原因进行总结:
如:That is why you see this old woman before you know, Jeanne.珍妮,这就是现在这个老太婆出现在你面前的原因。(前文提到Jeanne对老妇人显得苍老憔悴深感诧异,说话人对她讲述了其中的原因之后,用这一句来进行概括)。//ThatiswhyIcame.这就是我来的原因。下面是两个与“That is why...”形式相似的结构,它们与“That is why...”结构之间的关系要能够辨析清楚:  
(1)“That is why...”与“That is the reason why...”同义,只不过从语法结构上讲,“That is the reason why...”中why引导的是—个定语从句,将其中的the reason去掉则与“That is why...”结构一样:
如:That is(the reason) why I can not agree. 这就是我不能同意的理由。  
(2)“That is because...”句型中从属连词because引导的名词性从句在此作表语,这也是个常用句型,意为“这就是为什么……/因为……”。“That is because...”与“That is why...”之间的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由,“That is why...”则指由于各种原因所造成的后果:
如:He did not see the film last night.
        That is because he had to help his little sister with her homework. 昨天晚上他没有去看电影,那是因为他得帮助他的妹妹做作业。(第一句话说明结果,第二句话说明原因)             
        He had seen the film before. That is why he did not see it last night. 他以前曾看过那部电影,因此他昨天晚上没有去看。(第一句话说明原因,第二句话说明结果)