本试题 “根据句子意思填空。1. My sister and I ____________ students in the same school.2. They ____________ trees last weekend.3. Let's ____________ and ___...” 主要考查您对疑问副词
副词
介词
系动词
一般现在时,动词单数第三人称
一般过去时,动词过去式
祈使句
等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
副词的位置:
A、副词修饰动词(包括动名词和分词)时,通常位于被修饰动词的后面。
例:Shestudieshard.她学习努力。
B、副词修饰形容词是,通常放在该形容词的前面。
例:LiMingistooyoung.Hecan’tcarrytheheavybox. 李明太小,他搬不动这个重箱子。
C、副词修饰其他副词时,通常放在被修饰副词的前面。
例:Thegirlsingsverywell.这个女孩歌唱得非常好。
副词用法:
副词在句中可作状语,表语,补语。
He works hard.
他工作努力。
You speak English quite well.
你英语讲的很好。
Is she in ?
她在家吗?
Let's be out.
让我们出去吧。
Food here is hard to get.
这儿很难弄到食物。
介词分类:
一、表示地点位置的介词
(1)at, in, on, to, for
at 表示在小地方;表示“在……附近,旁边”。
in 表示在大地方;表示“在……范围之内”。
on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。
to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”。
(2)above, over, on 在……上
above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;
over 指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。
例:The bird is flying above my head. 小鸟在我的头上飞。
There is a bridge over the river. 在河上有一座桥。
He put his watch on the desk.他把他的表放在了桌子上。
(3)below, under在……下面
under 表示在……正下方
below 表示在……下,不一定在正下方
例:There is a cat under the table. 桌子底下有一只猫。
Please write your name below the line. 请在横线下写上你的名字。
(4)beside,behind beside 表示在……旁边
behind 表示在……后面
二、表示时间的介词
(1)in,on,at在……时
A、in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
如:inthe1950s, in1989, insummer, inJanuary, inthemorning等。
B、on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
如:on May 1st, on Monday, onNew Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
C、at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
如:at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of, at the age of, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。
(2)after在……之后 “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;
“after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。
三、其它常用介词
(1)about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.
I have bought a book about Shakespearean. 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。
There are about fifteen trees in the picture. 大约有十五棵树在图片里。
(2)across横过,对面,交叉,在……的对面
Can you swim across the river? 你能游过河吗?
We live across the street. 我们住在街的对面。
(3)along沿着,顺着.
They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。
(4)by 被……,在……的近旁,在……之前,不迟于,以……为手段。
The class room was cleaned by the students. 教室由学生们打扫干净了。
Miss Lucy came to China by air. 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。
(5)for为……,因为……,至于……。
He works for this company. 他为这家公司工作。
She came back to the classroom for she had lef the books in the class room. 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。
(6)from从……,来自……,因为……
Where are you from? 你是哪里人?
He diedf rom an accident. 他死于一场事故。
(7)of……的,属于……
This is a map of China.这是一张中国地图。
(8)with使用、和……在一起
We write with a pen. 我们用笔写字。
Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗?
注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.
小学常见介词:
1.on
(1) 在------上面 The book is on the desk.
(2) 在------(哪一天/星期)What do you do on Wednesday?
(3) 在------(月、日)My birthday is on August 2nd.
2. in
(1)在------里面 The pens are in the pencil-box.
(2)在------(哪一年/月)His birthday is in October.
He worked here in 1992.
(3 ) 在------(地方) He works in Dongguan.
(4 ) 在------之内 What are you going to do in 20 years?
(5 ) 在------(早上、下午、晚上)
I do morning exercises in the morning every day.
I usually play basketball in the afternoon.
I often do my homework in the evening.
3. under
在------底下 There is a ball under the bed.
4. near
在------附近 There is a book shop near our school.
5. in front of
在------前面 A boy is standing in front of the house.
6. beside
在------旁边 A football is beside the door.
7. next to
紧挨着 There is a bus station next to No. 13 Middle School.
8. over
在------正上方 A bridge is over the river.
9. on the left
在------左边 The bookstore is on the left.
10. on the right
在------右边 The hospital is on the right.
11. before
在……之前 Mike sits before me.
12. after
在------以后 He went home after school.
13. in the middle
在------中间 The road is in the middle.
14. at
(1) 在------(小地方) I am at school today. I was at home yesterday.
(2) 在------(点钟) I usually go to school at 8:00 am.
(3)看一看 Look at the blackboard.
(4) 在中午 at noon
15. behind
在------后面 There is a broom behind the door.
16.for
(1)给 This present is for you.
(2)为了 Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.
(3)作为 We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch.
17.to
(1) 到 Take your sport shoes to the P.E class.
(2) 致 Happy birthday to you. Give it to your friend.
18. from
来自 I am from China. = I come from China.
19. from --- to
从------到------ Line up from shorter to taller.
We have class from Monday to Friday.
20. of
------的 He is a student of Kama School.
21. by
(1)在------之前 We must be at home by 6 o’clock.
(2)乘------交通工具 People can go to the moon by spaceship.
I go to school by bus.
22.with
(1) 用 I write a letter with a pen.
(2) 和------一起 He went to Shenzhen with his parents.
23. between
在------与------之间 There is a football match between Class One and Class Three.
24. into
到------里 Sharks can dive into the deep cold water.
25. like
(1)象------ The twins are like their father.
(2)长相------怎样? What’s he like?
26. up
向上 Put up your hands if you have any questions.
27. down
向下 Put down all the books here.
28. about
(1) 大约;关于 It’s about 6:00 now.
(2) ------怎么样? What about---? How about---?
29. what for
为什么 But what for?
be动词意思和用法:
一般的意思是:
是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,is,am,are,was,were,being,been,to be.
另外,be动词还有成为的意思。
根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态,应该选择相应的be动词。
要看句语的时态:
如果是一般过去时,就用was/were
如果是一般现在时,就用am/is/are
如果是一般将来时,就用will be
然后看主语的人称及复数形式:
一般过去时:
第一人称和第三人称的单数形式,则用was
第一人称和第二人称、第三人称的复数,则用were
一般现在时:
第一人称单数形式,用am
第三人称单数形式,用is
第一人称复数、第二人称、第三人称的复数形式,则用are
一般将来时:
will be
一般时态有关be动词的口诀:
我用am,你用are,is连接他/她/它,复数形式就用are
be动词的用法:
现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are
(缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're),
(否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't),
过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were
(过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't),
过去分词been,现在分词being
英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:
am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)
一般现在时:
表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。可概括为
①经常性或习惯性动作;
②长期存在的特征或状态;
③普遍真理、客观事实等。
构成:
一般现在时用行为动词的原形,但第三人称单数作主语时,动词的词尾要加-S。
a. 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。
例:Li Ming always helps the old man. 李明一直帮助这位老人。
We usually go to school on foot. 我们通常步行上学。
They sometimes go fishing on Sundays. 他们有时周日去钓鱼。
b. 表示永恒不变的事实或真理。
例:A bird flies with wings. 鸟用翅膀飞翔。
c. 用在格言、谚语中。
例:Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。
第三人称单数的构成见下表:
词 |
构成 |
举例 | |
一般情况 |
词尾+s |
动词原形 |
第三人称单数 |
work(工作) |
works | ||
以-ch, -sh, s, x, o结尾 |
词尾+es |
teach(教) |
teaches |
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 |
变y为i,再加es |
fly(飞翔) |
flies |
一般现在时的特殊用法:
一些动词可用一般现在时来表达现在进行时:
verbs of the senses: hear,see,taste,smell,feel
verbs of the thinking: believe,know,mean,realize,think,remember
verbs of the linking: dislike,fear,heat,like,love,want
verbs of the possession: belong,have,own,possess
一般过去时:
表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
be动词在第一人称是单数和第三人称是单数是用was,其余用were。
a. 表示在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语。
yesterday(昨天)、last week (上星期)、an hour ago(一小时前)等连用。
例:I went to the zoo with my father last Sunday. 上周日我和我爸爸去动物园了。
They weren't able to come because they were so busy.他太忙了,所以去不了。
b. 表示在过去一段时间里,经常性或习惯性的动作或状态。
例:My brother watched the World Cup every day last month.上个月哥哥每天都看世界杯比赛。
肯定式 | 疑问式 | 否定式 | 疑问否定式 |
Iworked | Did I work? | I did not work | Did I not work? |
He(She,It) worked | Did he(she,it) work? | He(she,it) did not work | Did he(she,it) notwork? |
We worked | Did we work? | We did not work | Did we not work? |
You worked | Did you work? | You did not work | Did you not work? |
They worked | Did they work? | They did not work | Did they not work? |
词 |
构成 |
举例 | |
一般情况 |
词尾+ed |
动词原形 |
过去式和过去分词 |
look |
looked | ||
以不发音字母e结尾 |
词尾+d |
like |
liked |
以“辅以字母+y”结尾 |
变y为i,再加ed |
fly |
flied |
以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母 |
双写词尾+ed |
stop |
stopped |
祈使句:
表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、请求或命令等。
祈使句一般以动词原形开头,无时态和数的变化,句末用句号或感叹号,用降调。
祈使句的肯定结构是:
动词原形+其他;
否定结构是:
Don't+动词+其他。
另外,Let's也能引导祈使句, 其后接动词原形。
例:Please open the door. 请打开门。
Don't be late next time. 下次别迟到。
Don't run on the train. 不要在火车上跑。
Let's go to school. 让我们去上学。
祈使句含义:
1. 表请求
Pass me the sugar, please. 请把糖递给我。
2. 表命令
Put up your hands. 举手。
Fill in this form. 把这个表填好。
3. 表建议
Let’s have dinner together. 我们共进晚餐吧。
4. 表邀请
Come in and have a seat. 进来请坐。
Help yourself to some fruits. 请吃水果。
5. 表警告
Hurry up or you will be late.抓紧点,不然你要迟到了。
Do that again and you”ll be in trouble.要是再干那事,你会有麻烦的。
6. 表禁止
Don’t touch the exhibits.不要触摸展品。
Don’t play on the road.不要在马路上玩耍。
7. 表叮嘱
Be sure to get there before nine. 务必在九点前赶到那里。
Take care not to catch cold. 小心别着凉了。
8. 表号召
Workers of all countries, unite! 全世界工人阶级联合起来!
9. 表祝愿
Have a good trip. 祝你旅途愉快。
祈使句一般特点:
1.谓语大都是表示行为动作的动词或动词性词语,表示的动作是未然的。
2.主语一般是第二人称代词“你、你们”,往往省去。也有时用第一人称“咱们”作主语。
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