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初中二年级英语

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  • 阅读理解
    阅读理解。
    Hiking is very good for exercise and fun. Many hikers like to hike in countryside, in forest, and in mountains. Just walking for fun is the first kind of hiking. A lot of people like to hike in city parks or just on the sidewalks.
    A hike can take a few hours or weeks. For most hiking, people just need clothing and shoes that are good for the weather. Beginning hikers should start with walks that they can do in one day. As you get stronger, you can go in overnight hikers. Later you can go on longer that can last for days or weeks.
    For safety(安全) , children should hike with someone. You should always have one or two friends with you. It is also a good idea to carry a map with you.
    Backpacking is one kind of hiking. People carry food, clothing and other things on their backs in a pack. Backpackers can stay many days in places where there is no food to buy. They carry what they need on their backs.
    It seems that backpacking is now popular in the world. Just put on your hiking shoes and take a hike!
    1. The first and the easiest kind of hiking is ______.
    A. overnight hikes
    B. walking
    C. backpacking
    D. running and flying
    2. Beginning hikers should start with walks just because ______.
    A. it can finish in one day
    B. hikers are very busy
    C. the weather is not so good
    D. clothing and shoes are too heavy
    3. Hikers should go on hiking with others because ______.
    A. they can talk with each other
    B. they can keep safe
    C. lots of people do so
    D. they have no maps with them
    4. To carry______with you is a very good idea when you go on hiking.
    A. a book
    B. a map
    C. a bag
    D. an umbrella
    5. To carry what you need on your backs when you go on hiking is called ________.
    A. single hiking
    B. double hiking
    C. backpacking
    D. backing
    本题信息:2012年同步题英语阅读理解难度较难 来源:孔建伟
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  • 健康环保类阅读
健康环保类阅读:
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧:
应试生态环保类题目时,在理解文章的基础上,要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能,因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意:
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是:找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点:
①有一个话题(topic);
②有阐述控制性概念,偶尔也可在一段中间;
③有的文章无明显主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排,理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”,考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误:
①忽视文章的结构;
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别;
③忽视文章表意的倾向性;
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断:
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实,在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意,并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料,不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中,因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞。