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高中三年级英语

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  • 单选题
    My mother _____me to buy several _____ eggs for dinner, but I forgot all about it.

    A. asked; dozen
    B. suggested; dozens of
    C. had; dozen
    D. persuaded; dozens
    本题信息:2011年0103模拟题英语单选题难度一般 来源:姜雪
  • 本题答案
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本试题 “My mother _____me to buy several _____ eggs for dinner, but I forgot all about it.A. asked; dozenB. suggested; dozens ofC. had; dozenD. persuaded; ...” 主要考查您对

量词

动词

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 量词
  • 动词

量词的概念:

通常用来表示人、事物或动作的数量单位的词,叫做量词。 
例如:a bag of (rice), a piece of (news), a cup of (tea)


量词词组的特点:

特点一
英语量词词组所表示的数或量:大致可归纳为四种类型,即定量、不定量、大量和少量。
1、表示定量的量词词组:
如:a couple of(两个、一对)—a couple of days,a couple o fplayers,a couple of times
        a cupful of(一满杯)—a cupful of jelly,a cupful of water
        a portion of(一份/客)—a portion of duck,a portion of roastbeef
2、表示不定量的量词词组:
如:a majority of(大多数/大半)—a majority of opinions,a majority of votes
        an atom of(一点)—an atom of food,an atom of truth
        a spell of(一阵/一段时间)—a spell of fine weather,a spell of coughing
3、表示大量的量词词组:
如:a flood of—a flood of ink(洋洋大篇),a flood of tears(泪如泉涌)
        a heap of—a heap of earth(一堆泥土),a heap of customers(许多顾客)
        a mountain of—a mountain of debts(债台高筑),a mountain of difficulties(困难重重)
4、表示少量的量词词组:
如:a drop of—a drop of fever(有点热度),a drop of dew(一点露水)
        a particle of—a particle of feeling(一丝感情),a particle of dust(一点灰尘)
        a shadow of—a shadow of doubt(一点怀疑),a shadow of freedom(一点自由)

特点二

有些数量词组修饰可数名词,有些数量词组修饰不可数名词,还有些则两者均可修饰。
1、修饰不可数名词的量词词组:
如:a bit of—a bit of English(一点英语),a bit of good advice(一些好意见), 
        a bit of interest(一点兴趣), a shred of—a shredofevidence(一点证据)
        a shred of cloth(少量布),a shred of reputation(一点声誉)
        a sheet of—a sheet of glass(一块玻璃), a sheet of water(一片汪洋)
2、修饰可数名词的量词词组:
如:a cluster of—a cluster of flowers(一簇花),a cluster of spectators(一群观众),a cluster of bright stars(闪烁群星)
        a string of—a string of pearls(一串珠子),a string of curses(连续不断的咒骂),a string of excuses(一连串借口)
        a scram of—a scram of mosquitoes(一群蚊子),a scram of geese(一群鹅),a scram of children(一群孩子)
3、修饰(不)可数名词的量词词组:
如:a body of—a body of bees(一群蜜蜂),a body of coldair(一股冷空气),a body of facts(许多事实)
        a block of—a block of ice(一大块冰),a block of flats(一幢公寓),a block of houses(一排房子)
        a chain of—a chain of ideas(一系列想法),a chain of accidents(一连串事故),a chain of proof(一连串证据)

特点三

有些数量词组的搭配是固定的,而有些搭配则比较灵活。
1、搭配固定的量词词组:
如:a barrel of—a barrel of beer(一桶啤酒),a barrel of crudeoil(一桶原油)
        a basket of—a basket of eggs(一篮鸡蛋),a basket of apples(一篮苹果)
        a line of—a line of trees(一行树),a line of poetry(一行诗)
2、搭配较灵活的量词词组:
如:a piece of—a piece of paper(一张纸),a piece of furniture(一件家具),a piece of equipment(一台设备)
        a round of—a round of spirit(一巡酒),a round of diplomatic talks(一轮外交谈判),a round of toast(一片烤面包)
        a bar of—a bar of chocolate(一块巧克力),a bar of soap(一条肥皂),a bar of light(一束光)


一些常见的量词及搭配:  

1、一般性的表示个数的量词:  
这一组中主要有piece, bit, item, article等词,但piece具有独特的地位,在使用其他词的地方一般都可使用piece代替之。
如:piece: a piece of meat/paper/bread/music/information/furniture/machinery, etc.一片肉/一张纸/一片面包/一首曲子/一条信息/一件家具/一台机器等   
        bit: a bit of news/wood/advice/trouble, etc. 一条消息/一块木头/一条建议/一件麻烦事等   
        item: an item of news/crime/program/business, etc. 一条新闻/一宗罪行/一个项目/一笔生意等   
        article: an article o fexport/furniture/clothing/luggage, etc. 一宗出口/一件家具/一件衣服/一件行李等   
2、以形状表示个数的量词: 
如:bar: a bar of chocolate/candy 一块巧克力/一块糖   
        bunch: a bunch of flowers/grapes/keys 一束花/一串葡萄/一串钥匙   
        cake: a cake of soap/ice 一块肥皂/一块冰   
        cluster: a cluster of stars/flowers/animals 一群星/一束花/一群动物   
        comb: a comb of bananas 一串香蕉   
        drop: a drop of rain/blood 一滴雨/一滴血   
        ear: an ear of corn/wheat 一棒玉米/一穗麦子   
        flight: a flight of stairs/arrows/sparrows 一段楼梯/一阵箭雨/一群麻雀   
        flock: a flock of workmen/criminals/boys 一群工人/一伙罪犯/一群男孩   
        head: a head of cabbage/cauliflower/sheep 一头卷心菜/一块花菜/一头羊   
        lump: a lump of sugar/coal/clay一块糖/一块煤/一块土   
        spiral: a spiral of mosquito incense 一盘蚊香   
        slice: a slice of meat/bread/beef 一片肉/一片面包/一块牛肉   
        swarm: a swarm of bees 一群蜜蜂   
        bevy: a bevy of beauties/girls/ladies 一群美人/一群女孩/一群女士   
        gathering: a gathering of friends 一帮朋友   
        clump: a clump of trees 一丛树林   
        pack: a pack of rascals/wolves 一群流氓/一群狼   
3、表示容积的词:  
如:bottle: a bottle of ink/milk/wine 一瓶酒/一瓶牛奶/一瓶葡萄酒   
        bowl: a bowl of rice/porridge 一碗米饭/一碗粥   
        pail: a pail of water 一桶水   
        glass: a glass of beer 一杯啤酒   
        cup: a cup of tea 一杯茶   
        handful: a handful of soil 一抔土   
        spoonful: a spoonful of oil 一汤匙油   
        mouthful: a mouthful of snow 一口雪   
        truckload: a truckload of steel 一卡车钢材   
        packet: a packet of cigarette 一包烟   
4、表示行为动态的量词:   
如:fit: a fit of laughter 一阵笑声   
        peal: a peal of thunder 一阵雷声   
        flash: a flash of light 一道闪电   
       display: a display of force 一番武力展示
还有:①a drove of horses(一群马)   
            ②a flock of goats(一群山羊)   
            ③a herd of elephants(一群大象)   
            ④a pack of wolves(一群狼)   
            ⑤a pride of lion(一群狮子)   
            ⑥a skulk of foxes(一群狐狸)


动词的定义:

表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为行为动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词四类,有些动词是兼类词。
例如:We have lunch at 12. (have是行为动词)
            We have been to NewYork. (have是助动词) 
            I am hungry. (am是系动词) 
            You need not have waited for me. (need是情态动词) 
            The door needs painting. (need是兼类词)


动词的分类:

1)表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。
2)根据其在句中的功能,动词可分为四类,分别是:
实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。
说明:有些情况下,有些动词是兼类词。
例如:We are having a meeting. 我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。)
            He has gone to NewYork.他已去纽约。(has是助动词。)
3)动词根据其后是否带有宾语,可分为两类,分别是:
及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb),缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。
说明:同一动词有时可用作及物动词,有时可用作不及物动词。
例如:She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。)
            She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。)
4)根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制,可分两类,分别是:
限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb)。
例如:She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制,故用第三人称单数形式sings。)
            She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制,没有词形变化,是非限定动词。
说明:英语中共有三种非限定动词,分别是:动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。
5)根据动词的组成形式,可分为三类,分别是:
单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(Verbal Phrase)
例如:The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。)
            Students should learn to look up new words in dictionaries. 学生们学会查字典。(look up是短语动词。)
            The young ought to take care of the old. 年轻人应照料老人。(takecareof是动词短语。)
6)动词有五种形态,分别是:
原形(OriginalForm)、第三人称单数形式(Singular From in Third Personal)、过去式(Past Form)、过去分词(Past Participle)、现在分词(Present Participle)。


动词知识体系: