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小学六年级英语

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  • 改错题
    选出错误的一项并改正在横线上。
    (     ) 1.Whatare yougoingdothis evening?                 ____________________
    A      B     C
    (     ) 2.Howareyougoingtomorrow?  To the library.  ____________________
    A    B  C
    (     ) 3.Whatyourhobby?             ____________________
    A   B  C
    (     ) 4.Ilikemakekites.             ____________________
    A  B  C
    (     ) 5.Canhegoandus?             ____________________
    A    B    C
    本题信息:2011年月考题英语改错题难度一般 来源:李春伟
  • 本题答案
    查看答案
本试题 “选出错误的一项并改正在横线上。( ) 1.Whatare yougoingdothis evening? ____________________A B C( ) 2.Howareyougoingtomorrow? To the library. ________...” 主要考查您对

疑问副词

介词

系动词

动名词

动词不定式

等考点的理解。关于这些考点您可以点击下面的选项卡查看详细档案。
  • 疑问副词
  • 介词
  • 系动词
  • 动名词
  • 动词不定式
疑问副词:
用来引导特殊疑问句,表示时间,地点,方式,原因等,常见的有:when,where,how,why等。
分类:
时间副词:now, then, yesterday, always, already, soon
地点副词:here, home, upstairs, nowhere, above, near, beyond
方式副词:多数是形容词加上ly构成的,和一些well, fast, quick, slow, hard, alone, straight, wide
在加词尾ly时要注意:
(1)辅音+le:simple→simply, gentle→gently,
(2)以ic结尾的词:classic→classical但是public→publicly
(3)以辅音读音是[i]的y结尾的词:easy→easily
(4)特例:full→fully, whole→wholly, true→truly
程度副词,连接副词,关系副词
much, enough, quite, hardly, almost, deeply
疑问副词连接副词,关系副词:
how,who,where
疑问副词在句中的位置及用法举例:
由于疑问副词后接疑问句,因此这些副词一般都位于句首。例如:
How do you go to school? 你怎么去上学?
Why do you dislike the game? 为什么你不喜欢这个游戏?
疑问代词和疑问副词区别:
1. 疑问代词做对陈述句的主语,宾语或定语提问,即做句子的主语,宾语或定语, 如:
what, who/ whom, whose.
eg. Who is talking ?
What can you see?
Whose shirt is this?

2.疑问副词对时间,地点,方式等状语提问,如:
when, where, how 等.
eg. When is your birthday?
Where are you going?
How do you know?
介词:
是用来表示它后面的名词(代词)或起名词作用的短语、从句与句中其他成分之间的关系。
介词是英语中很活跃的词,一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。
同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配,表示不同意义。

介词分类:
一、表示地点位置的介词
(1)at, in, on, to, for
          at 表示在小地方;表示“在……附近,旁边”。
          in 表示在大地方;表示“在……范围之内”。
          on 表示毗邻,接壤,“在……上面”。
          to 表示在……范围外,不强调是否接壤;或“到……”。
(2)above, over, on 在……上
          above 指在……上方,不强调是否垂直,与below相对;
          over 指垂直的上方,与under相对,但over与物体有一定的空间,不直接接触。
          on 表示某物体上面并与之接触。
          例:The bird is flying above my head. 小鸟在我的头上飞。
                  There is a bridge over the river. 在河上有一座桥。
                  He put his watch on the desk.他把他的表放在了桌子上。
(3)below, under在……下面
          under 表示在……正下方
          below 表示在……下,不一定在正下方
          例:There is a cat under the table. 桌子底下有一只猫。 
                  Please write your name below the line. 请在横线下写上你的名字。
(4)beside,behind beside 表示在……旁边
          behind 表示在……后面

二、表示时间的介词
(1)in,on,at在……时
          A、in表示较长时间,如世纪、朝代、时代、年、季节、月及一般(非特指)的早、中、晚等。
                 如:inthe1950s, in1989, insummer, inJanuary, inthemorning等。
          B、on 表示具体某一天及其早、中、晚。
                如:on May 1st, on Monday, onNew Year’s Day, on a cold night in January, on a fine morning, on Sunday afternoon等。
          C、at 表示某一时刻或较短暂的时间,或泛指圣诞节,复活节等。
                如:at 3:20, at this time of year, at the beginning of, at the end of, at the age of, at Christmas, at night, at noon, at this moment等。
(2)after在……之后 “after+一段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后;
        “after+将来的时间点”表示将来的某一时刻以后。

三、其它常用介词
(1)about关于,附近,大约,周围,随身.
          I have bought a book about Shakespearean. 我买了一本有关莎士比亚的书。
          There are about fifteen trees in the picture. 大约有十五棵树在图片里。
(2)across横过,对面,交叉,在……的对面
          Can you swim across the river? 你能游过河吗?
          We live across the street. 我们住在街的对面。
(3)along沿着,顺着.
          They are walking along the river. 他们沿着河行走。
(4)by 被……,在……的近旁,在……之前,不迟于,以……为手段。
         The class room was cleaned by the students. 教室由学生们打扫干净了。
          Miss Lucy came to China by air. 露西小姐是乘飞机来中国的。
(5)for为……,因为……,至于……。
          He works for this company. 他为这家公司工作。
          She came back to the classroom for she had lef the books in the class room. 她返回到教室是因为把书留在了那里。
(6)from从……,来自……,因为……
          Where are you from? 你是哪里人?
          He diedf rom an accident. 他死于一场事故。
(7)of……的,属于……
          This is a map of  China.这是一张中国地图。
(8)with使用、和……在一起
          We write with a pen. 我们用笔写字。
          Can you go to the park with me? 你能和我一起去公园吗?
 注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。如:We meet every day.


小学常见介词:
1.on
(1) 在------上面  The book is on the desk.
(2) 在------(哪一天/星期)What do you do on Wednesday?
(3) 在------(月、日)My birthday is on August 2nd.
2. in
(1)在------里面  The pens are in the pencil-box.
(2)在------(哪一年/月)His birthday is in October.
He worked here in 1992.
(3 ) 在------(地方) He works in Dongguan.
(4 ) 在------之内    What are you going to do in 20 years?
(5 ) 在------(早上、下午、晚上)
I do morning exercises in the morning every day.
I usually play basketball in the afternoon.
I often do my homework in the evening.
3. under
在------底下  There is a ball under the bed.
4. near
在------附近  There is a book shop near our school.
5. in front of
在------前面  A boy is standing in front of the house.
6. beside
在------旁边  A football is beside the door.
7. next to
紧挨着 There is a bus station next to No. 13 Middle School.
8. over
在------正上方 A bridge is over the river.
9. on the left
在------左边  The bookstore is on the left.
10. on the right
在------右边  The hospital is on the right.
11. before
在……之前  Mike sits before me.
12. after
在------以后  He went home after school.
13. in the middle
在------中间 The road is in the middle.
14.  at
(1) 在------(小地方) I am at school today. I was at home yesterday.
(2)  在------(点钟)  I usually go to school at 8:00 am.
(3)看一看   Look at the blackboard.
(4) 在中午  at noon
15.  behind
在------后面     There is a broom behind the door.
16.for
(1)给 This present is for you.
(2)为了 Thank you for telling me the way to the zoo.
(3)作为 We have some chips and hamburgers for lunch.
17.to
(1) 到  Take your sport shoes to the P.E class.
(2) 致 Happy birthday to you. Give it to your friend.
18. from
来自  I am from China. = I come from China.
19. from --- to
从------到------  Line up from shorter to taller.
We have class from Monday to Friday.
20. of
------的   He is a student of Kama School.
21. by
(1)在------之前   We must be at home by 6 o’clock.
(2)乘------交通工具  People can go to the moon by spaceship.
I go to school by bus.
22.with
(1) 用   I write a letter with a pen.
(2) 和------一起  He went to Shenzhen with his parents.
23. between
在------与------之间  There is a football match between Class One and Class Three.
24. into
到------里   Sharks can dive into the deep cold water.
25. like
(1)象------  The twins are like their father.
(2)长相------怎样? What’s he like?
26. up
向上   Put up your hands if you have any questions.
27. down
向下  Put down all the books here.
28.  about
(1) 大约;关于  It’s about 6:00 now.
(2) ------怎么样? What about---? How about---?
29. what for
为什么   But what for?


介词用法口诀:
早、午、晚要用inat黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in
将来时态in...以后,小处at大处in
有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in
特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用in
介词atto表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,
收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。
特定时日和"……"on后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of之前onin
步行、驴、马、玩笑oncabcarriage则用in
at
山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。
工具、和、同随with,具有、独立、就、原因。
……来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被by,单数、人类know to man
this
thattomorrowyesterdaynextlastone
接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。
over
under正上下,abovebelow则不然,
若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。
beyond
超出、无、不能,against靠着,对与反。
besides
except分内外,among之内along沿。
同类比较except,加for异类记心间。
原状because of, owing to due to表语形容词
under
后接修、建中,offrom物、化分。
before
after表一点, agolater表一段。
before
能接完成时,ago过去极有限。
since
以来during间,since时态多变换。
与之相比beside,除了last but one
复不定for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。
快到、对、向towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。
but for
否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。
ing
型由于鉴,除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在......方面,有关介词须记全。
in
to外表位置,山、水、国界to在前。
系动词:
亦称连系动词,作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,亦称补语(形容词),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
be(是)是最基本的系动词。小学涉及到的系动词需要掌握的am, is, are 
如:I am from Beijing. 我来自北京。 
My mother is a teacher. 我的妈妈是一位老师。 
除了系动词be,常用的系动词还有look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、feel(感觉到)、become(变成)、smell(闻起来)等。
例:The boy looks very happy. 这个男孩看起来很高兴。 
        The dish smells good. 这盘菜闻起来很香。

be动词意思和用法:
一般的意思是:
是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,
isamarewaswerebeingbeento be.
另外,be动词还有成为的意思。
根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态,应该选择相应的
be动词。

要看句语的时态:

如果是一般过去时,就用was/were

如果是一般现在时,就用am/is/are

如果是一般将来时,就用will be

然后看主语的人称及复数形式:

一般过去时:

第一人称和第三人称的单数形式,则用was

第一人称和第二人称、第三人称的复数,则用were

一般现在时:

第一人称单数形式,用am

第三人称单数形式,用is

第一人称复数、第二人称、第三人称的复数形式,则用are

一般将来时:

will be

一般时态有关be动词的口诀:

我用am,你用areis连接他//它,复数形式就用are

 

be动词的用法:
现在时 I am, you are, he is, we are, you are, they are
(缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're),
(否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't),
过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were
(过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't),
过去分词been,现在分词being
英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:
am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)


系动词Be(am, is, are )的用法:
一、口诀:
我用am,你用are,is连着他,她,它;
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are;
变疑问,往前提,句末问号某丢弃;
变否定,更容易,be后莫忘记;
疑问否定任你变,句首大写莫迟疑。

二、Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
1、am和is在一般过去时中变为was;
2、are在一般过去时中变为were
3、带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和am is are一样,即否定句在was或were后加 not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
动名词:
如果一个动词加上了-ing变成了名词,那么这个词称动名词。 动名词是一种兼有动词和名词特征
的非限定动词。它可以支配宾语,也能被副词修饰。动名词有时态和语态的变化。
例:Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。 
Swimming is a good sport in summer. 游泳是夏天一项好的运动。 
There is no saying when he'll come. 很难说他何时回来。 
No smoking. (=No smoking is allowed here) . 禁止吸烟! 
No parking. 禁止停车! 
Let’s go shopping. 让我们去购物。

动名词常见题型:
1)动名词做主语时,谓语动词为单数
2)在动名词和不定式中,作为介词的宾语是动名词
3)动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语
例:
I would appreciate_______ back this afternoon.
A.you to call
B.you call
C.you calling
D.you’re calling
(Key:C;换成your calling也对)
4)有些词后只能接动名词
acknowledge;admit; advise;advocate;allow;appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
5)另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法
it’s no good; it’s no/little/hardly any/ use; it’s not/hardly/scarcely use; it’s worthwhile; spend money/time; there’s no; there’s no point in; there’s nothing worse than; what’s the use/point...
6)有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可
remember,forget,try,stop,go on,continue,stop,regret,cease,mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式,但意义截然不容。
例:
remember to do/doing:
①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作)
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
forget与remember的用法类似。
regret的用法:
①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……)
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。)
try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验):
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.

动名词用法口诀:
动名词常泛指,句法作用宾/表/定与主,时态/语态之形式,一般/完成/被动式。
Being done 系被动,不含任何进行意。
用作主语请留意,常用it作形式主语,不指未来发生事,表达的信息系已知。
用作表语请记清,作用相当一名词,检验方法很简单,主与表换位能成立。
用作定语也易辩,表示名词之用途。
用作宾语稍复杂,关键留意谓语动词(跟动名词作宾语的常用动词附后),时态同谓动作比较,先于谓动用完成式,其逻辑主语不固定,在句中/句外均有之。
否定式其前加not,复合式其前加物主词,非句首宾格词也可用,尤其口语中更如此。
说明:
1、主-----主语
2、宾-----宾语
3、表------表语
4、定------定语
5、谓动---谓语动词


不定式定义:
由to+动词原形构成。不定式是一种非限定性动词。而非限定动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词,可分为不定式,动名词,现在分词和过去分词。
“动词不定式”由动词+不定式构成。动词不定式在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。
常见的有:like / love,want,need,ask,help等。
例:I like to play with Tom. 我喜欢和汤姆玩。 
        I want to play with Tom. 我想和汤姆玩。 
        I like to eat dumplings. 我喜欢吃饺子。
动词不定式一般结构:
疑问词who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可接不定式构成不定式短语,在句中作主语、宾语、表 语等。如:
①When to leave for London has not been decided yet. (不定式在句子中做主语)
②Mr. Smith didn't know whether to leave or stay there. (不定式在句子中做宾语)
③I asked Professor Xu how to learn English well. (不定式在句子中做直接宾语)
④The question was where to get the medicine needed. (不定式在句子中表语)
以上例句中疑问词+不定式部分,均可转换为相应的从句形式。如:
①When we shall leave…
③…how I could learn…
经常在这种结构中使用的动词有:
consider,decide,discover,explain,find out,forget,hear,know,lea rn,observe,understand,wonder等。

动名词与不定式的区别:
1 动名词与不定式的区别:
动名词表达的是:状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的 
不定式表达的是:目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的

2 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。

3在下列情况下,一般要用不定式:
①hate,like,love前有would(should)时,
如:I'd like to have a cup of coffee.
②当谓语动词begin,continue,start等是进行式时,
如:Thestudents are starting to work on the di fficult maths problem.
③begin,continue,start与know,understand等状态动词连用时,
如:I soon began to understand what was happening.
④.advise,allow,encourage,forbid,permit等动词后接动名词作宾语,或带不定式作宾语补足语。如:
Our teachers don't permit our/us swimming in the lake.
Our teachers don't permit us to swim in the lake.

4 部分动词后接不定式或动名词时,意义差别较大,应根据句子语境选择使用。
forget,remember,regret后接不定式,表示现在或未来的动作,接动名词表示动作已经发生。如:
Don't forget to post the letter for me.
Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport?
Remember to close the windows before you leave.
I remember writing him a letter a year ago.
We regret to tell you that all of you are not invited toattend the meeting.
They regretted ordering these books from abroad.
省to的动词不定式:
(1)情态动词( 除ought 外,ought to意思是“应该”,是情态动词,只有一种形式,后边接动词不定式,to不能省略。
ought to没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形可以表示现在、将来或过去将来,由时间状语或上下文决定。例如:
They ought to come tomorrow.他们明天应当来):
(2)使役动词 let,have,make:
(3)感官动词see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等后作宾补,省略to。
注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
在使役动词中get除外(get sb. to do sth.)
I saw him dance.
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night.
=They were made to work the whole night.
(4)表示个人意愿或倾向的would rather,had better,might(just) as well:rather than置于句首时。
Rather than ride on a crowded bus,he always prefers to ride a bike.
(5)Why… / why not…:
(6)help 可带to,也可不带to,help sb (to) do sth:
(7)but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
(8)由and,or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去:
(9)通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后,可以省去to be:
He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
(10)but作介词,后接不定式结构时,前面谓语动词部分若含有do的形式时,but后的不定式要省去to,否则要带to。
He wants to do nothing but go out.
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
(11)当两个或多个不定时短语由连词and,but或or连接时,后一个或几个不定式符号to常省略。但若表示对比、对照关系时,则不能省略。
He wants to move to France and marry the girl.
The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,not to make it more difficult.
(12)不定式做表语时,一般要带to,但若主语部分中含有do的各种形式时,符号to可省去。
We've missed the last bus.All we could do now is walk home.