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初中二年级英语

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  • 阅读理解
    阅读理解。

    London Mayor Boris Johnson recently outlined (概述) plans to make London "the cleanest, greenest
    city on Earth" by the 2012 Olympics, and called  for commitments from other world cities at a climate
    change conference.
    Leaders of the world's 40 largest cities met in Seoul (首尔) two weeks ago for a summit (最高级会
    谈)  on combating (与……斗争) global warming,  the third one held since 2005.
    "What we should do in Seoul is that we will stop the endless addiction of mankind to the internal
    combustion engine," said Johnson.
    An  urban  (城市的) problem
    "The problem of our planet is an urban problem," Johnson said, calling for "serious rcsults" in Seoul.
    He said the British capital wants to use the Olympics "to drive the greening and the improvement of
    our city" and that London is committed to reduce carbon emissions by 60 percent by 2025.
    A substantial program
    Johnson proclaimed himself a "passionate cyclist" and said he would push ahead (推动) with cycle
    superhighways (自行车高速公路)  around London.
    London's air quality problem, he said, was caused by vehicle emissions from 8,300 antiquated diesel
    buses, which could be replaced by low-carbon vehicles. There were also 32,000 taxis running on diesel
    fuel (柴油) , which could be replaced by electric vehicles.
    Johnson said there would be a substantial program in the next few years to produce "cleaner, greener"
    buses for his city.  "The age of the diesel bus has got to be over in London. "
    1. How many times have the summits been held in Seoul since 2005?
    A. Two
    B. Three
    C. Four
    D. Five
    2. According to Johnson, what should people do before the London Olympics?
    A. Call for "serious problems".
    B. Reduce carbon emissions in London,
    C. Stop the endless addiction.
    D. Make London the cleanest city in the world.
    3. What caused air quality problems in London?
    A. factories
    B. water
    C. low-carbon cars
    D. buses and taxis
    4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
    A. London Mayor Boris Johnson pay more attention to the global warming.
    B. Diesel buses are also popular in the next few years in London.
    C. Diesel fuel vehicles will be replaced by electric vehicles.
    D. London is sure to be a cleaner and greener city than before.
    5. What is the best title for the passage'?
    A. Global warming problems.
    B. London's air quality problems.
    C. A substantial program.
    D. London Eyes "Greenest" City By 2012.
    本题信息:2012年月考题英语阅读理解难度较难 来源:解桂莲
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  • 健康环保类阅读
健康环保类阅读:
本类型主要是围绕饮食健康、医疗卫生及环境保护等方面选取实际的材料来设题。
体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文和各种应用文。
健康环保类阅读题答题注意事项和技巧:
应试生态环保类题目时,在理解文章的基础上,要重点突破——归纳主旨大意技能,因为推断是以整体理解为基础的推断能力。
1.归纳主旨大意:
(1)寻找具体段落的中心思想的方法是:找出每小段的主题句。
主题句通常有这样的特点:
①有一个话题(topic);
②有阐述控制性概念,偶尔也可在一段中间;
③有的文章无明显主题句,主题句隐含在段意之中。这就需要读者进一步加工概括了。
(2)寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。
应观察全文的结构安排,理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”,考虑文章组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的,分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么中心大意来安排的。
(3)典型错误:
①忽视文章的结构;
②混淆了中心与支撑细节或材料的区别;
③忽视文章表意的倾向性;
④漏掉了主要的特征词。

2.正确推理判断:
推理判断试题要求考生尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实,在通篇理解文章的基础上领会作者的言外之意,并作出正确的推理和判断。
(1)数据推断题
解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
(2)知识推断题
根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原义的结论的一种推断方法。
(3)逻辑结论推断题
根据事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料,不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。
解答这类题的前提是要首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意要求进行推断。
(4)对作者态度、倾向的推断题
作者的倾向和感情往往隐含在文章的字里行间,或流露于修饰的词语之中,因此,在推断过程中,应特别注意文中作者的措辞。