Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti(涂鸦)-covered walls are
being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. Philadelphia
now has more murals than any other American city.
     The walls that were once ugly with graffiti are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes
and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places
attractive, and its citizens are very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti
Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. "When people ask me what our program is about,"
she says, "I answer them with one word: hope." Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and
workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.
     The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). When a
neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some
messages have been "Safe Streets," "Love and Care," and "Peace Walk."
     The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted 140
murals.
     "The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in
neighborhood history" says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.

1. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?

A. Helping the young find jobs.
B. Protecting the neighborhood.
C. Fighting against graffiti.
D. Attracting more visitors.

2. How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?

A. By having discussions with people in the community.
B. By seeking advice from the city government.
C. By learning from the young graffiti writers.
D. By studying the history of the city.

 3. Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?

A. Difficult.        
B. Dangerous.        
C. Experimental        
D. Successful.